IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/ags/aaea13/150708.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Farm Support Payments and Risk Balancing: Implications for Financial Riskiness of Canadian Farms

Author

Listed:
  • Uzeaa, Florentina Nicoleta
  • Poon, Kenneth
  • Sparling, David
  • Weersink, Alfons

Abstract

The risk balancing literature suggests that business risk management (BRM) programs may, through risk balancing (offsetting adjustments between business risk and financial risk), lead farmers to take on more financial risk than they would take otherwise, which, in turn, increases the risk of equity loss. Business risk management continues to be the central objective of Canadian agricultural policy, and this was re-enforced with the recent introduction of the Growing Forward II policy framework. However, it is not known whether Canadian BRM programs designed to offset business risk lead to increased financial risk and possibly higher levels of overall risk for individual farm operations. This paper aims to empirically examine the impact of Canadian BRM programs on the financial riskiness of farms using a longitudinal farm data set from Ontario. Results show that: 1) the lag of payment of Canadian Agricultural Income Stabilization/AgriStability diminishes the effectiveness of BRM programs in reducing business risk; 2) a relatively small share of farms exhibit risk balancing behaviour, and 3) BRM payments have no impact on the likelihood of risk balancing. Taken together, these findings suggest that the impact of BRM programs on the financial riskiness of farms is limited.

Suggested Citation

  • Uzeaa, Florentina Nicoleta & Poon, Kenneth & Sparling, David & Weersink, Alfons, 2013. "Farm Support Payments and Risk Balancing: Implications for Financial Riskiness of Canadian Farms," 2013 Annual Meeting, August 4-6, 2013, Washington, D.C. 150708, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:aaea13:150708
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.150708
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/150708/files/AAEA%202013%20Selected%20Paper_Uzea%20et%20al.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.22004/ag.econ.150708?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. David A. Hennessy, 1998. "The Production Effects of Agricultural Income Support Policies under Uncertainty," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 80(1), pages 46-57.
    2. Allen M. Featherstone & Charles B. Moss & Timothy G. Baker & Paul V. Preckel, 1988. "The Theoretical Effects of Farm Policies on Optimal Leverage and the Probability of Equity Losses," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 70(3), pages 572-579.
    3. Cheng, Mei-luan & Gloy, Brent A., 2008. "The Paradox of Risk Balancing: Do Risk-reducing Policies Lead to More Risk for Farmers?," 2008 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2008, Orlando, Florida 6546, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    4. Harwood, Joy L. & Heifner, Richard G. & Coble, Keith H. & Perry, Janet E. & Somwaru, Agapi, 1999. "Managing Risk in Farming: Concepts, Research, and Analysis," Agricultural Economic Reports 34081, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    5. Escalante, Cesar L. & Barry, Peter J., 2003. "Determinants of the Strength of Strategic Adjustments in Farm Capital Structure," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Southern Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 35(1), pages 1-12, April.
    6. Escalante, Cesar L. & Barry, Peter J., 2001. "Risk Balancing In An Integrated Farm Risk Management Plan," Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics, Southern Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 33(3), pages 1-17, December.
    7. Robert A. Collins, 1985. "Expected Utility, Debt-Equity Structure, and Risk Balancing," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 67(3), pages 627-629.
    8. Anton, Jesus & Kimura, Shingo, 2009. "Farm Level Analysis of Risk, and Risk Management Strategies and Policies: Evidence from German Crop Farms," 2009 Conference, August 16-22, 2009, Beijing, China 51729, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    9. Coble, Keith H. & Heifner, Richard G. & Zuniga, Manuel, 2000. "Implications Of Crop Yield And Revenue Insurance For Producer Hedging," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 25(2), pages 1-21, December.
    10. Kimura, Shingo & Anton, Jesus, 2011. "Farm Income Stabilization and Risk Management: Some Lessons from AgriStability Program in Canada," 2011 International Congress, August 30-September 2, 2011, Zurich, Switzerland 114755, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    11. Teresa Serra & David Zilberman & Barry K. Goodwin & Keijo Hyvonen, 2005. "Replacement of Agricultural Price Supports by Area Payments in the European Union and the Effects on Pesticide Use," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 87(4), pages 870-884.
    12. Seguin, Bob, 2012. "Canada’s Risk Management Policy Choices and The Whitehorse Agreement- Prudent Steps in the Right Direction?," Miscellaneous Publications 289928, George Morris Center.
    13. repec:cup:jagaec:v:33:y:2001:i:03:p:413-420_02 is not listed on IDEAS
    14. Stephen C. Gabriel & C. B. Baker, 1980. "Concepts of Business and Financial Risk," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 62(3), pages 560-564.
    15. Calum G. Turvey, 2012. "Whole Farm Income Insurance," Journal of Risk & Insurance, The American Risk and Insurance Association, vol. 79(2), pages 515-540, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Geoffroy Enjolras & Magali Aubert, 2018. "Does crop insurance lead to better environmental practices? Evidence from French farms," Post-Print hal-02048349, HAL.
    2. Peter Slade, 2021. "The impact of price hedging on subsidized insurance: Evidence from Canada," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 69(4), pages 447-464, December.
    3. Geoffroy Enjolras & Magali Aubert, 2020. "How does crop insurance influence pesticide use? Evidence from French farms," Review of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Studies, INRA Department of Economics, vol. 101(4), pages 461-485.
    4. Robbie Maris & Zack Dorner, 2021. "Cost Efficiency Analysis using Operating Profit Margin for the New Zealand Dairy Industry," Working Papers in Economics 21/04, University of Waikato.
    5. Aderajew, Tamirat S. & Du, Xiaoxue & Pennings, Joost M. E. & Trujillo-Barrera, Andres, 2020. "Farm-Level Risk-Balancing Behavior and the Role of Latent Heterogeneity," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 45(2), March.
    6. Sarker, Rakhal, 2021. "Farm Safety Net Payments and Risk Balancing in Ontario Beef Sector," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315321, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    7. Ifft, Jennifer & Jodlowski, Margaret, 2017. "Federal crop insurance and agricultural credit use," 2017 Annual Meeting, July 30-August 1, Chicago, Illinois 259120, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sarker, Rakhal, 2021. "Farm Safety Net Payments and Risk Balancing in Ontario Beef Sector," 2021 Conference, August 17-31, 2021, Virtual 315321, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    2. Rakhal Sarker & Truc Phan & Yu Na Lee & Alfons Weersink, 2022. "Business Risk Management Program and risk‐balancing in Ontario hog sector: An empirical analysis," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 70(4), pages 287-304, December.
    3. Adhikari, Sudip & Khanal, Aditya R., 2020. "Does higher business risk influence financial risk and induce savings among small agricultural operations? Findings from Tennessee," 2020 Annual Meeting, July 26-28, Kansas City, Missouri 304509, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    4. Ifft, Jennifer & Kuethe, Todd & Morehart, Mitch, 2015. "Does Federal Crop Insurance lead to higher farm debt use? Evidence from the Agricultural Resource Management Survey," Working Papers 250011, Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management.
    5. Sarker, Rakhal, 2024. "Farm Policy Support Payments and Risk Balancing Phenomenon in Grain and Oilseed Sector in Ontario, Canada," IAAE 2024 Conference, August 2-7, 2024, New Delhi, India 344398, International Association of Agricultural Economists (IAAE).
    6. Escalante, Cesar L. & Barry, Peter J., 2001. "Farm-Level Evidence On The Risk Balancing Hypothesis From Illinois Grain Farms," 2001 Annual meeting, August 5-8, Chicago, IL 20617, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    7. Sharma, Sankalp & Bairagi, Subir K., 2021. "Role of Producer Risk-preferences on Debt Undertaking: Evidence from Nebraska," 2021 Annual Meeting, August 1-3, Austin, Texas 313998, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    8. Cheng, Mei-luan & Gloy, Brent A., 2008. "The Paradox of Risk Balancing: Do Risk-reducing Policies Lead to More Risk for Farmers?," 2008 Annual Meeting, July 27-29, 2008, Orlando, Florida 6546, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    9. Turvey, C. G., 2017. "IFAD RESEARCH SERIES 10 - Inclusive finance and inclusive rural transformation," IFAD Research Series 280048, International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD).
    10. Simone Severini & Giuliano Di Tommaso & Robert Finger, 2019. "Effects of the Income Stabilization Tool on farm income level, variability and concentration in Italian agriculture," Agricultural and Food Economics, Springer;Italian Society of Agricultural Economics (SIDEA), vol. 7(1), pages 1-22, December.
    11. Aderajew, Tamirat S. & Du, Xiaoxue & Pennings, Joost M. E. & Trujillo-Barrera, Andres, 2020. "Farm-Level Risk-Balancing Behavior and the Role of Latent Heterogeneity," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 45(2), March.
    12. Collins, Robert A. & Gbur, Edward E., 1991. "Borrowing Behavior Of The Proprietary Firm: Do Some Risk-Averse Expected Utility Maximizers Plunge?," Western Journal of Agricultural Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 16(2), pages 1-8, December.
    13. Serra, Teresa & Zilberman, David & Goodwin, Barry K. & Featherstone, Allen M., 2005. "Effects of Decoupling on the Average and the Variability of Output," 2005 International Congress, August 23-27, 2005, Copenhagen, Denmark 24601, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    14. John Garvey & Gordon Sirr & Deirdre O'Shea & Fergal O'Brien, 2019. "Risk and Planning in Agriculture: How Planning on Dairy Farms in Ireland Is Affected by Farmers’ Regulatory Focus," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 39(7), pages 1491-1502, July.
    15. Yann de Mey & Erwin Wauters & Dierk Schmid & Markus Lips & Mark Vancauteren & Steven Van Passel, 2016. "Farm household risk balancing: empirical evidence from Switzerland," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 43(4), pages 637-662.
    16. Deane, Paul & Malcolm, Bill, 2006. "Do Australian woolgrowers manage price risk rationally?," AFBM Journal, Australasian Farm Business Management Network, vol. 3(2), pages 1-7.
    17. Kim, Tae-Hun, 2008. "The measurement of farmers' risk attitudes using a non-structural approach," Journal of Rural Development/Nongchon-Gyeongje, Korea Rural Economic Institute, vol. 31(2), pages 1-18, May.
    18. Ashok Mishra & Barry Goodwin, 2006. "Revenue insurance purchase decisions of farmers," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(2), pages 149-159.
    19. Peter Slade, 2021. "The impact of price hedging on subsidized insurance: Evidence from Canada," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 69(4), pages 447-464, December.
    20. Coble, Keith H. & Zuniga, Manuel & Heifner, Richard, 2003. "Evaluation of the interaction of risk management tools for cotton and soybeans," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 75(2-3), pages 323-340.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Demand and Price Analysis; Farm Management; Financial Economics; International Relations/Trade;
    All these keywords.

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ags:aaea13:150708. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: AgEcon Search (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/aaeaaea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.