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Une lecture probabiliste du cycle d’affaires américain

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  • Benoît Bellone

Abstract

[eng] This article explores 35 years of the U.S. business cycle with a multivariate hidden Markov model using monthly data. It identifies ten U.S. time series offering particularly reliable information to detect recessions. It also assesses the performances of different and complementary “ recession models ” based on Markov processes and draws two main conclusions : (1) simple univariate models are decisive to monitor the business cycle providing that the series are shown to be highly reliable ; (2) models adding a multivariate dimension are useful but work only marginally better than a simple summary. The primary determinant of model quality appears to be the variables’ information content. The author introduces a new reading of the business cycle using a preferred recession model and concludes by discussing the limitations of leading indicators and “ real-time detection.” [fre] En passant en revue 35 ans de “ Cycle d ’ affaires ” à l’aide de modèles à changements de régimes markoviens, cet article permet d’identifier dix séries mensuelles particulièrement fiables pour détecter les “ récessions ” américaines. En testant différents indicateurs synthétiques probabilistes, on remarque que de simples modèles univariés sont déterminants pour suivre le cycle d’affaires et que les performances de modèles incluant une dimension multivariée “ pure ” apportent une information très proche de celle extraite d’un résumé. La qualité d’un modèle semble dépendre avant tout du contenu informationnel des variables qui le constituent. Ce papier conclut sur les propriétés et les limites d’un modèle privilégié de détection de récession, notamment dans son utilisation en temps réel.

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  • Benoît Bellone, 2006. "Une lecture probabiliste du cycle d’affaires américain," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 172(1), pages 63-81.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2006_num_172_1_7480
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2006.7480
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2006.7480
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    3. Benoît Bellone & Erwan Gautier & Sébastien Le Coent, 2006. "Les marchés financiers anticipent-ils les retournements conjoncturels ?," Economie & Prévision, La Documentation Française, vol. 172(1), pages 83-99.

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