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Spatial Variations and Determinants of Per Capita Household CO 2 Emissions (PHCEs) in China

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  • Lina Liu

    (Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Jiansheng Qu

    (Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    Information Center for Global Change Studies, Lanzhou Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Afton Clarke-Sather

    (Information Center for Global Change Studies, Lanzhou Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    Department of Geography, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA)

  • Tek Narayan Maraseni

    (Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia)

  • Jiaxing Pang

    (Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China)

Abstract

In China, household CO 2 emissions (HCEs) are increasing due to economic development and accelerated urbanization. This paper details the spatial variations of per capita household CO 2 emissions (PHCEs) in China and the factors impacting PHCEs using spatial statistical analysis and a spatial panel data model for the period from 1997 to 2014. Our results indicate that (1) there has been high provincial variation in rates of change across China, with some provinces’ PHCEs increasing by an order of magnitude from 1997 to 2014; (2) the Global Moran’s I of PHCEs are above 0, and the spatial differences between PHCEs are caused by the High-High cluster and Low-Low cluster in China; (3) a 1% increase of per capita income, education level, and urbanization will result in increases in PHCEs of 0.6990%, 0.0149%, and 0.0044%, respectively, whilst a 1% increase in household size will result in a 0.0496% decrease in PHCEs. There are a large number of factors impacting CO 2 emissions, while there is little specific guidance on the spatial variations and provincial characteristics of CO 2 emissions from the perspective of household consumption.

Suggested Citation

  • Lina Liu & Jiansheng Qu & Afton Clarke-Sather & Tek Narayan Maraseni & Jiaxing Pang, 2017. "Spatial Variations and Determinants of Per Capita Household CO 2 Emissions (PHCEs) in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-19, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:9:y:2017:i:7:p:1277-:d:105335
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    2. Yong Wang & Han Zhao & Fumei Duan & Ying Wang, 2018. "Initial Provincial Allocation and Equity Evaluation of China’s Carbon Emission Rights—Based on the Improved TOPSIS Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-27, March.
    3. Saud, Shah & Haseeb, Abdul & Zafar, Muhammad Wasif & Li, Huiyun, 2023. "Articulating natural resource abundance, economic complexity, education and environmental sustainability in MENA countries: Evidence from advanced panel estimation," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    4. Bright Akwasi Gyamfi & Stephen Taiwo Onifade & Elvis Kwame Ofori, 2023. "Synthesizing the impacts of information and communication technology advancement and educational developments on environmental sustainability: A comparative analyses of three economic blocs—BRICS, MIN," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(2), pages 744-759, April.
    5. Xiaoyu Liu & Xian’en Wang & Junnian Song & Haiyan Duan & Shuo Wang, 2019. "Why Are the Carbon Footprints of China’s Urban Households Rising? An Input–Output Analysis and Structural Decomposition Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-18, December.
    6. Dou, Yue & Zhao, Jun & Dong, Xiucheng & Dong, Kangyin, 2021. "Quantifying the impacts of energy inequality on carbon emissions in China: A household-level analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).

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