IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i4p2181-d749364.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

FDI, Green Innovation and Environmental Quality Nexus: New Insights from BRICS Economies

Author

Listed:
  • Najabat Ali

    (Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
    Faculty of Management Sciences, Hamdard University, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

  • Khamphe Phoungthong

    (Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand)

  • Kuaanan Techato

    (Environmental Assessment and Technology for Hazardous Waste Management Research Center, Faculty of Environmental Management, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand)

  • Waheed Ali

    (School of Economics and Finance, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710000, China)

  • Shah Abbas

    (Gongqing Institute of Science and Technology, Gongqing 332020, China)

  • Joshuva Arockia Dhanraj

    (Centre for Automation and Robotics (ANRO), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Padur, Chennai 603103, India)

  • Anwar Khan

    (School of Economics, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China)

Abstract

One major concern about foreign direct investment (FDI) is the potential negative environmental impact due to increased CO 2 emissions. However, there is a possibility that FDI mitigates CO 2 emissions through green innovation and creates a cleaner environment. In the existing literature, there is no significant empirical evidence on the linkage among FDI, green innovation and CO 2 emissions in the context of BRICS countries. Hence, this study aims to analyze the impact of FDI and green innovation on the environmental quality of BRICS economies for 1990–2014. The study employed Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimators for empirical data analysis. The study’s findings depict that foreign direct investment, energy use, and economic growth have a significant and positive impact on the CO 2 emissions of BRICS economies. Moreover, green innovation has a significant inverse impact on CO 2 emissions. The results show bidirectional causalities between CO 2 emissions and green innovation, trade openness and CO 2 emissions, energy use and CO 2 emissions, and urbanization and CO 2 emissions. Additionally, the findings reveal a one-way causality from CO 2 emissions to GDP and CO 2 emissions to urbanization. This study offers essential policy recommendations for the environmental sustainability of BRICS countries through green innovation.

Suggested Citation

  • Najabat Ali & Khamphe Phoungthong & Kuaanan Techato & Waheed Ali & Shah Abbas & Joshuva Arockia Dhanraj & Anwar Khan, 2022. "FDI, Green Innovation and Environmental Quality Nexus: New Insights from BRICS Economies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:2181-:d:749364
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/4/2181/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/4/2181/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chen, Jing & Zhou, Chunshan & Wang, Shaojian & Li, Shijie, 2018. "Impacts of energy consumption structure, energy intensity, economic growth, urbanization on PM2.5 concentrations in countries globally," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C), pages 94-105.
    2. Pedroni, Peter, 2004. "Panel Cointegration: Asymptotic And Finite Sample Properties Of Pooled Time Series Tests With An Application To The Ppp Hypothesis," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 20(3), pages 597-625, June.
    3. Dumitrescu, Elena-Ivona & Hurlin, Christophe, 2012. "Testing for Granger non-causality in heterogeneous panels," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 1450-1460.
    4. Carrión-Flores, Carmen E. & Innes, Robert, 2010. "Environmental innovation and environmental performance," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 59(1), pages 27-42, January.
    5. Wang, Zhaohua & Yang, Zhongmin & Zhang, Yixiang & Yin, Jianhua, 2012. "Energy technology patents–CO2 emissions nexus: An empirical analysis from China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 248-260.
    6. Sharif Hossain, Md., 2011. "Panel estimation for CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, trade openness and urbanization of newly industrialized countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(11), pages 6991-6999.
    7. Kao, Chihwa, 1999. "Spurious regression and residual-based tests for cointegration in panel data," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 1-44, May.
    8. Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Roubaud, David & Farhani, Sahbi, 2018. "How economic growth, renewable electricity and natural resources contribute to CO2 emissions?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 356-367.
    9. Ertugrul, Hasan Murat & Çetin, Murat & Şeker, Fahri & Dogan, Eyüp, 2015. "The impact of trade openness on global carbon dioxide emissions: Evidence from the top ten emitters among developing countries," MPRA Paper 97539, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 10 Mar 2016.
    10. Mohamed Abdouli & Sami Hammami, 2017. "The Impact of FDI Inflows and Environmental Quality on Economic Growth: an Empirical Study for the MENA Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 8(1), pages 254-278, March.
    11. Omri, Anis & kahouli, Bassem, 2014. "The nexus among foreign investment, domestic capital and economic growth: Empirical evidence from the MENA region," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(3), pages 257-263.
    12. Jeyhun I. Mikayilov & Marzio Galeotti & Fakhri J. Hasanov, 2018. "The Impact of Economic Growth on CO2 Emissions in Azerbaijan," IEFE Working Papers 102, IEFE, Center for Research on Energy and Environmental Economics and Policy, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy.
    13. Azam, Muhammad & Khan, Abdul Qayyum, 2016. "Testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis: A comparative empirical study for low, lower middle, upper middle and high income countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 556-567.
    14. Muhammad Shahbaz & Rashid Sbia & Helmi Hamdi & Ilhan Ozturk, 2014. "Economic growth, electricity consumption, urbanization and environmental degradation relationship in United Arab Emirates," Post-Print halshs-01902764, HAL.
    15. Managi, Shunsuke & Hibiki, Akira & Tsurumi, Tetsuya, 2009. "Does trade openness improve environmental quality?," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 58(3), pages 346-363, November.
    16. Le, Thai-Ha & Chang, Youngho & Park, Donghyun, 2016. "Trade openness and environmental quality: International evidence," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 45-55.
    17. Muhammad Kamran Khan & Muhammad Imran Khan & Muhammad Rehan, 2020. "The relationship between energy consumption, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in Pakistan," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 6(1), pages 1-13, December.
    18. Binyam Afewerk Demena & Peter A. G. van Bergeijk, 2019. "Observing FDI spillover transmission channels: evidence from firms in Uganda," Third World Quarterly, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(9), pages 1708-1729, September.
    19. Su, Hsin-Ning & Moaniba, Igam M., 2017. "Does innovation respond to climate change? Empirical evidence from patents and greenhouse gas emissions," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 49-62.
    20. Richmond, Amy K. & Kaufmann, Robert K., 2006. "Is there a turning point in the relationship between income and energy use and/or carbon emissions?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(2), pages 176-189, February.
    21. repec:ipg:wpaper:2014-557 is not listed on IDEAS
    22. Zoundi, Zakaria, 2017. "CO2 emissions, renewable energy and the Environmental Kuznets Curve, a panel cointegration approach," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 1067-1075.
    23. Joakim Westerlund, 2005. "New Simple Tests for Panel Cointegration," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(3), pages 297-316.
    24. M. Hashem Pesaran, 2007. "A simple panel unit root test in the presence of cross-section dependence," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 22(2), pages 265-312.
    25. Omri, Anis & Daly, Saida & Rault, Christophe & Chaibi, Anissa, 2015. "Financial development, environmental quality, trade and economic growth: What causes what in MENA countries," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 242-252.
    26. Rabail Amna Intisar & Muhammad Rizwan Yaseen & Rakhshanda Kousar & Muhammad Usman & Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum, 2020. "Impact of Trade Openness and Human Capital on Economic Growth: A Comparative Investigation of Asian Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-19, April.
    27. Zeng, Ka & Eastin, Joshua, 2012. "Do Developing Countries Invest Up? The Environmental Effects of Foreign Direct Investment from Less-Developed Countries," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 40(11), pages 2221-2233.
    28. Natalia Zugravu-Soilita, 2017. "How does Foreign Direct Investment Affect Pollution? Toward a Better Understanding of the Direct and Conditional Effects," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 66(2), pages 293-338, February.
    29. Eskeland, Gunnar S. & Harrison, Ann E., 2003. "Moving to greener pastures? Multinationals and the pollution haven hypothesis," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(1), pages 1-23, February.
    30. Demena, Binyam Afewerk & Afesorgbor, Sylvanus Kwaku, 2020. "The effect of FDI on environmental emissions: Evidence from a meta-analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    31. Ozturk, Ilhan & Acaravci, Ali, 2013. "The long-run and causal analysis of energy, growth, openness and financial development on carbon emissions in Turkey," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 262-267.
    32. Al-mulali, Usama & Tang, Chor Foon & Ozturk, Ilhan, 2015. "Estimating the Environment Kuznets Curve hypothesis: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 918-924.
    33. Huaping Sun & Samuel Attuquaye Clottey & Yong Geng & Kai Fang & Joshua Clifford Kofi Amissah, 2019. "Trade Openness and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from Belt and Road Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-20, May.
    34. Zambrano-Monserrate, Manuel A. & Silva-Zambrano, Carlos A. & Davalos-Penafiel, Jose L. & Zambrano-Monserrate, Andrea & Ruano, Maria Alejandra, 2018. "Testing environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Peru: The role of renewable electricity, petroleum and dry natural gas," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 82(P3), pages 4170-4178.
    35. Zhenghui Li & Hao Dong & Zimei Huang & Pierre Failler, 2019. "Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Environmental Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(13), pages 1-16, June.
    36. Liobikienė, Genovaitė & Butkus, Mindaugas, 2017. "Environmental Kuznets Curve of greenhouse gas emissions including technological progress and substitution effects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 237-248.
    37. Hussain, Jamal & Khan, Anwar & Zhou, Kui, 2020. "The impact of natural resource depletion on energy use and CO2 emission in Belt & Road Initiative countries: A cross-country analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C).
    38. Eberhardt, Markus & Bond, Stephen, 2009. "Cross-section dependence in nonstationary panel models: a novel estimator," MPRA Paper 17692, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    39. Chakraborty, Saptorshee Kanto & Mazzanti, Massimiliano, 2020. "Energy intensity and green energy innovation: Checking heterogeneous country effects in the OECD," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 328-343.
    40. Apergis, Nicholas & Eleftheriou, Sofia & Payne, James E., 2013. "The relationship between international financial reporting standards, carbon emissions, and R&D expenditures: Evidence from European manufacturing firms," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 57-66.
    41. Wu, Lifeng & Liu, Sifeng & Liu, Dinglin & Fang, Zhigeng & Xu, Haiyan, 2015. "Modelling and forecasting CO2 emissions in the BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) countries using a novel multi-variable grey model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 489-495.
    42. Trang Thi-Huyen Dinh & Duc Hong Vo & Anh The Vo & Thang Cong Nguyen, 2019. "Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth in the Short Run and Long Run: Empirical Evidence from Developing Countries," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-11, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chimere O. Iheonu & Ekene ThankGod Emeka & Simplice A. Asongu & Princewill U. Okwoche, 2022. "Foreign Investment, International Trade and Environmental Sustainability: Exploring Ecological Footprints in 37 African Countries," Working Papers 22/068, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    2. Wang, Shouwen & Xu, Lijie & Yu, Siming & Wang, Siyao, 2023. "Russia-Ukraine war perspective of natural resources extraction: A conflict with impact on sustainable development," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PA).
    3. Jiaoping Yang & Shujun Wang & Shan Sun & Jianhua Zhu, 2022. "Influence Mechanism of High-Tech Industrial Agglomeration on Green Innovation Performance: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-20, March.
    4. Zhengke Du & Chengcheng Zhu & Yuxin Zhou, 2022. "Increasing Quantity or Improving Quality: Can Soil Pollution Control Promote Green Innovation in China’s Industrial and Mining Enterprises?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-19, November.
    5. Li, Kanyong, 2023. "Can resource endowment and industrial structure drive green innovation efficiency in the context of COP 26？," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    6. Abdul Rauf & Najabat Ali & Muhammad Nauman Sadiq & Saira Abid & Shahzad Afzal Kayani & Abid Hussain, 2023. "Foreign Direct Investment, Technological Innovations, Energy Use, Economic Growth, and Environmental Sustainability Nexus: New Perspectives in BRICS Economies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-18, September.
    7. Liao, Jixiang & Liu, Xingye & Zhou, Xueyan & Tursunova, Nargiza Rakhimovna, 2023. "Analyzing the role of renewable energy transition and industrialization on ecological sustainability: Can green innovation matter in OECD countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 141-151.
    8. Yinka Sabuur Hammed & Omosola Arawomo, 2022. "FDI, Economic Growth and Environmental Quality in the Nigerian Economy: New Evidences from System GMM," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 14(1), pages 50-58.
    9. Busra Agan & Mehmet Balcilar, 2023. "Unraveling the Green Growth Matrix: Exploring the Impact of Green Technology, Climate Change Adaptation, and Macroeconomic Factors on Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-20, May.
    10. Liangen Zeng & Haitao Li & Xiao Wang & Zhao Yu & Haoyu Hu & Xinyue Yuan & Xuhai Zhao & Chengming Li & Dandan Yuan & Yukun Gao & Yang Nie & Liangzhen Huang, 2022. "China’s Transport Land: Spatiotemporal Expansion Characteristics and Driving Mechanism," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-18, July.
    11. Liu, Bailu & Tian, Jilin, 2023. "Natural resources led innovation: Employing structural break approach to explore USA's natural resources sector," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PA).
    12. Lisha, Liu & Mousa, Saeed & Arnone, Gioia & Muda, Iskandar & Huerta-Soto, Rosario & Shiming, Zhai, 2023. "Natural resources, green innovation, fintech, and sustainability: A fresh insight from BRICS," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    13. Hou Renyong & Aman Ali Sedik, 2023. "Environmental Sustainability and Foreign Direct Investment in East Africa: Institutional and Policy Benefits for Environmental Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-22, January.
    14. Xiaodi Yang & Di Wang, 2022. "Heterogeneous Environmental Regulation, Foreign Direct Investment, and Regional Carbon Dioxide Emissions: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-19, May.
    15. Feilan Wang & Mengmeng Jin & Jianfeng Li & Yushuo Zhang & Junbo Chen, 2022. "Profound Impact of Economic Openness and Digital Economy towards a Sustainable Development: A New Look at RCEP Economies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-21, October.
    16. Heri Bezić & Davor Mance & Davorin Balaž, 2022. "Panel Evidence from EU Countries on CO 2 Emission Indicators during the Fourth Industrial Revolution," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-25, October.
    17. Li, Xiangrong & Zhu, Shaoying & Li, Yanyong & Chang, Ronghua, 2022. "What is the asymmetric influence of natural resource rent and green innovation on the ecological sustainability of the ARCTIC region," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    18. Nan Nan & Gang He & Yasir Ahmed Solangi & Sharafat Ali, 2023. "Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Policy Uncertainty, Agricultural Output, and Renewable Energy on Environmental Sustainability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-17, May.
    19. Muhammad Ramzan & Ummara Razi & Muhammad Umer Quddoos & Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo, 2023. "Do green innovation and financial globalization contribute to the ecological sustainability and energy transition in the United Kingdom? Policy insights from a bootstrap rolling window approach," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(1), pages 393-414, February.
    20. Uche, Emmanuel & Das, Narasingha & Bera, Pinki & Cifuentes-Faura, Javier, 2023. "Understanding the imperativeness of environmental-related technological innovations in the FDI – Environmental performance nexus," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 285-294.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Abdul Rauf & Najabat Ali & Muhammad Nauman Sadiq & Saira Abid & Shahzad Afzal Kayani & Abid Hussain, 2023. "Foreign Direct Investment, Technological Innovations, Energy Use, Economic Growth, and Environmental Sustainability Nexus: New Perspectives in BRICS Economies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-18, September.
    2. Jun Wen & Waheed Ali & Jamal Hussain & Nadeem Akhtar Khan & Hadi Hussain & Najabat Ali & Rizwan Akhtar, 2022. "Dynamics between green innovation and environmental quality: new insights into South Asian economies," Economia Politica: Journal of Analytical and Institutional Economics, Springer;Fondazione Edison, vol. 39(2), pages 543-565, July.
    3. Khan, Muhammad Tariq Iqbal & Yaseen, Muhammad Rizwan & Ali, Qamar, 2019. "Nexus between financial development, tourism, renewable energy, and greenhouse gas emission in high-income countries: A continent-wise analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 293-310.
    4. Shahbaz, Muhammad & Nasreen, Samia & Abbas, Faisal & Anis, Omri, 2015. "Does foreign direct investment impede environmental quality in high-, middle-, and low-income countries?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 275-287.
    5. Usman, Muhammad & Balsalobre-Lorente, Daniel, 2022. "Environmental concern in the era of industrialization: Can financial development, renewable energy and natural resources alleviate some load?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    6. Omri, Anis & Daly, Saida & Rault, Christophe & Chaibi, Anissa, 2015. "Financial development, environmental quality, trade and economic growth: What causes what in MENA countries," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 242-252.
    7. Mumin Atalay Cetin & Ibrahim Bakirtas, 2020. "The long-run environmental impacts of economic growth, financial development, and energy consumption: Evidence from emerging markets," Energy & Environment, , vol. 31(4), pages 634-655, June.
    8. Mohd Arshad Ansari & Muhammed Ashiq Villanthenkodath & Vaseem Akram & Badri Narayan Rath, 2023. "The nexus between ecological footprint, economic growth, and energy poverty in sub-Saharan Africa: a technological threshold approach," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(8), pages 7823-7850, August.
    9. Abdul Sattar & Temesgen Hordofa Tolassa & Muhammad Noshab Hussain & Muhammad Ilyas, 2022. "Environmental Effects of China’s Overseas Direct Investment in South Asia," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(1), pages 21582440221, February.
    10. Adel Ben Youssef & Sabri Boubaker & Anis Omri, 2020. "Financial development and macroeconomic sustainability: modeling based on a modified environmental Kuznets curve," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 163(2), pages 767-785, November.
    11. Yasmeen, Rizwana & Zhaohui, Cui & Hassan Shah, Wasi Ul & Kamal, Muhammad Abdul & Khan, Anwar, 2022. "Exploring the role of biomass energy consumption, ecological footprint through FDI and technological innovation in B&R economies: A simultaneous equation approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(PA).
    12. Liu Sicen & Anwar Khan & Allauddin Kakar, 2022. "The Role of Disaggregated Level Natural Resources Rents in Economic Growth and Environmental Degradation of BRICS Economies," Biophysical Economics and Resource Quality, Springer, vol. 7(3), pages 1-14, September.
    13. Yilmaz Bayar & Laura Diaconu (Maxim) & Andrei Maxim, 2020. "Financial Development and CO 2 Emissions in Post-Transition European Union Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-15, March.
    14. Karmaker, Shamal Chandra & Hosan, Shahadat & Chapman, Andrew J. & Saha, Bidyut Baran, 2021. "The role of environmental taxes on technological innovation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    15. Omri, Anis, 2018. "Entrepreneurship, sectoral outputs and environmental improvement: International evidence," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 46-55.
    16. Chimere O. Iheonu & Ogochukwu C. Anyanwu & Obinna K. Odo & Solomon Prince Nathaniel, 2021. "Does Economic Growth, International Trade and Urbanization uphold Environmental Sustainability in sub-Saharan Africa? Insights from Quantile and Causality Procedures," Working Papers 21/003, European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS).
    17. Irfan Khan & Fujun Hou, 2021. "The Impact of Socio-economic and Environmental Sustainability on CO2 Emissions: A Novel Framework for Thirty IEA Countries," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 155(3), pages 1045-1076, June.
    18. Chris Belmert Milindi & Roula Inglesi-Lotz, 2023. "Impact of technological progress on carbon emissions in different country income groups," Energy & Environment, , vol. 34(5), pages 1348-1382, August.
    19. Chimere O. Iheonu & Ogochukwu C. Anyanwu & Obinna K. Odo & Solomon Prince Nathaniel, 2021. "Does Economic Growth, International Trade and Urbanization uphold Environmental Sustainability in sub-Saharan Africa? Insights from Quantile and Causality Procedures," Working Papers of the African Governance and Development Institute. 21/003, African Governance and Development Institute..
    20. Le, Thai-Ha & Nguyen, Canh Phuc, 2019. "Is energy security a driver for economic growth? Evidence from a global sample," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 436-451.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:4:p:2181-:d:749364. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.