IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/trapol/v166y2025icp101-107.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigating the characteristics of public electric vehicle charging station: A case study of California

Author

Listed:
  • Kwon, Kihyun

Abstract

This study aims to explore the characteristics of public electric vehicle (EV) charging stations as a California case study using multiple data sources. This is because EV charging stations differ in terms of charging capacity and the surrounding built environment. We first classify public EV charging stations based on their neighborhood built environments, access to amenities, and charging capacity using a clustering algorithm, Latent Profile Analysis (LPA). We then employ a fractional logit model (FLM) to analyze factors influencing EV adoption rates across communities, focusing on varying impact of different public EV charging stations. Some key findings are as follows. First, we identify five clusters of public EV charging stations as follows: 1) CBD level 2 (Business level 2), Residential level 2 and DC fast charging, 3) Coastal level 2 (Tourist area level 2), 4) Urban level 2, and 5) Suburban and Rural DC fast charging. Second, LPA results demonstrate that current EV charging stations are primarily concentrated in residential and urban areas, mainly consisting of level 2 chargers. Third, our empirical model results show a significantly positive correlation between residential level 2 and DC fast charging and the proportion of EVs in nearby communities. Lastly, Costal level 2 (Tourist area level 2) is also positively associated with the ratio of EVs in surrounding communities.

Suggested Citation

  • Kwon, Kihyun, 2025. "Investigating the characteristics of public electric vehicle charging station: A case study of California," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 101-107.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:166:y:2025:i:c:p:101-107
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.03.004
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967070X2500099X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.03.004?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Kailai & Akar, Gulsah, 2019. "Gender gap generators for bike share ridership: Evidence from Citi Bike system in New York City," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 1-9.
    2. Khaleghikarahrodi, Mehrsa & Macht, Gretchen A., 2023. "Patterns, no patterns, that is the question: Quantifying users’ electric vehicle charging," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 291-304.
    3. Carlos Moreno & Zaheer Allam & Didier Chabaud & Catherine Gall & Florent Pratlong, 2021. "Introducing the “15-Minute City”: Sustainability, Resilience and Place Identity in Future Post-Pandemic Cities," Post-Print hal-03549665, HAL.
    4. Hardman, Scott & Shiu, Eric & Steinberger-Wilckens, Robert, 2016. "Comparing high-end and low-end early adopters of battery electric vehicles," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 40-57.
    5. Lucas W. Davis, 2019. "How much are electric vehicles driven?," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(18), pages 1497-1502, October.
    6. Pemberton, Simon & Nobajas, Alexandre & Waller, Richard, 2021. "Rapid charging provision, multiplicity and battery electric vehicle (BEV) mobility in the UK," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    7. Eduardo Graells-Garrido & Feliu Serra-Burriel & Francisco Rowe & Fernando M Cucchietti & Patricio Reyes, 2021. "A city of cities: Measuring how 15-minutes urban accessibility shapes human mobility in Barcelona," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(5), pages 1-21, May.
    8. Rabl, Regina & Reuter-Oppermann, Melanie & Jochem, Patrick E.P., 2024. "Charging infrastructure for electric vehicles in New Zealand," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 124-144.
    9. Shi, Lefeng & Hao, Ying & Lv, Shengnan & Cipcigan, Liana & Liang, Jun, 2021. "A comprehensive charging network planning scheme for promoting EV charging infrastructure considering the Chicken-Eggs dilemma," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    10. Hardman, Scott PhD & Davis, Adam PhD & Tal, Gil PhD, 2022. "Investigating Hydrogen Station Use and Station Access in California Using a Survey of Fuel Cell Vehicle Drivers," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt4qp5m2kr, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    11. Papke, Leslie E & Wooldridge, Jeffrey M, 1996. "Econometric Methods for Fractional Response Variables with an Application to 401(K) Plan Participation Rates," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 11(6), pages 619-632, Nov.-Dec..
    12. Nicholas, Michael A. & Tal, Gil & Turrentine, Thomas S., 2017. "Advanced Plug-in Electric Vehicle Travel and Charging Behavior Interim Report," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt9c28789j, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xiao Zhang & Rong Zheng & Jinghai Huo & Hongtai Yang & Yangsheng Jiang, 2025. "Factors influencing the market share of e-bike sharing: evidence from New York City," Transportation, Springer, vol. 52(4), pages 1349-1373, August.
    2. Grigolon, Laura & Park, Eunseong & Remmy, Kevin, 2024. "Fueling electrification: The impact of gas prices on hybrid car usage," ZEW Discussion Papers 24-017, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    3. Wang, Song & Shi, Lefeng, 2024. "EV diffusion promotion analysis under different charging market structure," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    4. Sdoukopoulos, Alexandros & Papadopoulos, Efthymis & Verani, Eleni & Politis, Ioannis, 2024. "Putting theory into practice: A novel methodological framework for assessing cities' compliance with the 15-min city concept," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 114(C).
    5. Tal, Gil & Karanam, Vaishnavi Chaitanya & Favetti, Matthew P. & Sutton, Katrina May & Ogunmayin, Jade Motayo & Raghavan, Seshadri Srinivasa & Nitta, Christopher & Chakraborty, Debapriya & Davis, Adam , 2021. "Emerging Technology Zero Emission Vehicle Household Travel and Refueling Behavior," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt2v0853tp, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    6. Srinivasa Raghavan, Seshadri, 2020. "Behavioral Realism of Plug-In Electric Vehicle Usage: Implications for Emission Benefits, Energy Consumption, and Policies," Institute of Transportation Studies, Working Paper Series qt1rz000pf, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Davis.
    7. Jinsuk Yang & Qing Hao & Mahmut Yaşar, 2023. "Institutional investors and cross‐border mergers and acquisitions: The 2000–2018 period," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 23(3), pages 553-583, September.
    8. Alexander Klein & Karl Gunnar Persson & Paul Sharp, 2023. "Populism and the first wave of globalization: Evidence from the 1892 US presidential election," Rivista di storia economica, Società editrice il Mulino, issue 2, pages 163-202.
    9. Giuliani, Elisa & Martinelli, Arianna & Rabellotti, Roberta, 2016. "Is Co-Invention Expediting Technological Catch Up? A Study of Collaboration between Emerging Country Firms and EU Inventors," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 192-205.
    10. de Rassenfosse, Gaétan, 2013. "Do firms face a trade-off between the quantity and the quality of their inventions?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(5), pages 1072-1079.
    11. Alessandro Barattieri & Matteo Cacciatore, 2023. "Self-Harming Trade Policy? Protectionism and Production Networks," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 97-128, April.
    12. Dawson Chris & Veliziotis Michail & Hopkins Benjamin, 2014. "Assimilation of the migrant work ethic," Working Papers 20141407, Department of Accounting, Economics and Finance, Bristol Business School, University of the West of England, Bristol.
    13. Nicole M. Mason & Thomas S. Jayne & Nicolas van de Walle, 2017. "The Political Economy of Fertilizer Subsidy Programs in Africa: Evidence from Zambia," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 99(3), pages 705-731.
    14. Kassie, Menale & Fisher, Monica & Muricho, Geoffrey & Diiro, Gracious, 2020. "Women’s empowerment boosts the gains in dietary diversity from agricultural technology adoption in rural Kenya," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C).
    15. Seán Ó Riain & Amy Erbe Healy, 2024. "Workplace regimes in Western Europe, 1995–2015: Implications for intensification, intrusion, income and insecurity," Economic and Industrial Democracy, Department of Economic History, Uppsala University, Sweden, vol. 45(2), pages 415-446, May.
    16. Christian Pfeifer & Joachim Wagner, 2014. "Is innovative firm behavior correlated with age and gender composition of the workforce? Evidence from a new type of data for German enterprises [Besteht ein Zusammenhang zwischen dem Innovationsve," Journal for Labour Market Research, Springer;Institute for Employment Research/ Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), vol. 47(3), pages 223-231, September.
    17. Edoardo Bressanelli & Christel Koop & Christine Reh, 2016. "The impact of informalisation: Early agreements and voting cohesion in the European Parliament," European Union Politics, , vol. 17(1), pages 91-113, March.
    18. Tammaru, Tiit & Sevtsuk, Andres & Witlox, Frank, 2023. "Towards an equity-centred model of sustainable mobility: Integrating inequality and segregation challenges in the green mobility transition," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 112(C).
    19. Daniela D’Alessandro & Andrea Rebecchi & Letizia Appolloni & Andrea Brambilla & Silvio Brusaferro & Maddalena Buffoli & Maurizio Carta & Alessandra Casuccio & Liliana Coppola & Maria Vittoria Corazza , 2023. "Re-Thinking the Environment, Cities, and Living Spaces for Public Health Purposes, According with the COVID-19 Lesson: The LVII Erice Charter," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-17, September.
    20. Breustedt, Gunnar & Schulz, Norbert & Latacz-Lohmann, Uwe, 2013. "Kalibrierung von Vertragsnaturschutzprogrammen mittels eines zweistufigen Discrete-Choice-Experimentes," German Journal of Agricultural Economics, Humboldt-Universitaet zu Berlin, Department for Agricultural Economics, vol. 62(04), pages 1-17, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:166:y:2025:i:c:p:101-107. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/30473/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.