IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/quaeco/v97y2024ics1062976924000930.html

The determinants of Turkish CDS volatility: An ARDL approach covering COVID period

Author

Listed:
  • Sunal, Onur
  • Yağcı, Filiz

Abstract

The accuracy of CDS premiums has been questioned in many former studies. However, we intend to show that the volatilities of these spreads rather than their basis point levels indicate and signal the status of sovereign risk and credit worthiness as they tend to reveal sudden deteriorations in key sovereign and global economic indicators. In that respect we aim to reveal the determinants of Turkish CDS spread volatility by using an ARDL Bounds Test framework. In line with our expectations exchange rate, stock market indice and oil price volatility have significant positive coefficients in the long run whereas US 10-year bond spreads have short run effects up to three lags. Also, our results show that COVID pandemic has remarkably increased Turkish CDS volatility. Moreover, the unorthodox monetary policies adopted after COVID has also raised CDS volatility with persistently high spread levels where a long-term memory effect was prevalent.

Suggested Citation

  • Sunal, Onur & Yağcı, Filiz, 2024. "The determinants of Turkish CDS volatility: An ARDL approach covering COVID period," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:quaeco:v:97:y:2024:i:c:s1062976924000930
    DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2024.101887
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1062976924000930
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.qref.2024.101887?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jeon, Doh-Shin & Lovo, Stefano, 2013. "Credit rating industry: A helicopter tour of stylized facts and recent theories," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 643-651.
    2. Beirne, John & Fratzscher, Marcel, 2013. "The pricing of sovereign risk and contagion during the European sovereign debt crisis," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 60-82.
    3. Lukasz Dopierala & Daria Ilczuk & Liwiusz Wojciechowski, 2020. "Sovereign credit ratings and CDS spreads in Emerging Europe," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 15(3), pages 419-438, September.
    4. Calice, Giovanni & Chen, Jing & Williams, Julian, 2013. "Liquidity spillovers in sovereign bond and CDS markets: An analysis of the Eurozone sovereign debt crisis," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 122-143.
    5. Chernov, Mikhail & Creal, Drew & Hördahl, Peter, 2023. "Sovereign credit and exchange rate risks: Evidence from Asia-Pacific local currency bonds," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    6. Patrick Bolton & Xavier Freixas & Joel Shapiro, 2012. "The Credit Ratings Game," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 67(1), pages 85-112, February.
    7. Broto, Carmen & Pérez-Quirós, Gabriel, 2015. "Disentangling contagion among sovereign CDS spreads during the European debt crisis," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 165-179.
    8. Gerardo ESQUIVEL & Felipe LARRAIN B., 2002. "The Impact Of G-3 Exchange Rate Volatility On Developing Countries," G-24 Discussion Papers 16, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
    9. Richard Cantor & Frank Packer, 1996. "Sovereign risk assessment and agency credit ratings," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 2(2), pages 247-256, July.
    10. Cheuathonghua, Massaporn & de Boyrie, Maria E. & Pavlova, Ivelina & Wongkantarakorn, Jutamas, 2022. "Extreme risk spillovers from commodity indexes to sovereign CDS spreads of commodity dependent countries: A VAR quantile analysis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    11. Dennis Sebastian Klieber, 2012. "Credit Default Swaps – Weapon Of Mass Destruction Or Reliable Indicator?," Economic Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(1), pages 72-74, February.
    12. Bouri, Elie & Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Raza, Naveed & Roubaud, David, 2018. "Oil volatility and sovereign risk of BRICS," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 258-269.
    13. Christina E. Bannier & Thomas Heidorn & Heinz-Dieter Vogel, 2014. "Characteristics and development of corporate and sovereign CDS," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 15(5), pages 482-509, November.
    14. Zhang, Zhengyong & Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain & Bouri, Elie, 2022. "Tail risk transmission from commodity prices to sovereign risk of emerging economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    15. Samet Günay & Yanlin Shi, 2016. "Long-Memory in Volatilities of CDS Spreads: Evidences from the Emerging Markets," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(1), pages 122-137, March.
    16. Francis A. Longstaff & Jun Pan & Lasse H. Pedersen & Kenneth J. Singleton, 2011. "How Sovereign Is Sovereign Credit Risk?," American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 3(2), pages 75-103, April.
    17. William A. Barnett & A. Ronald Gallant & Melvin J. Hinich & Jochen A. Jungeilges & Daniel T. Kaplan, 2004. "A Single-Blind Controlled Competition Among Tests for Nonlinearity and Chaos," Contributions to Economic Analysis, in: Functional Structure and Approximation in Econometrics, pages 581-615, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
    18. Joshua Aizenman & Yothin Jinjarak & Donghyun Park, 2016. "Fundamentals and Sovereign Risk of Emerging Markets," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(2), pages 151-177, May.
    19. Forte, Santiago & Lovreta, Lidija, 2019. "Volatility discovery: Can the CDS market beat the equity options market?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 107-111.
    20. Eyssell, Thomas & Fung, Hung-Gay & Zhang, Gaiyan, 2013. "Determinants and price discovery of China sovereign credit default swaps," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 1-15.
    21. Jens Hilscher & Yves Nosbusch, 2010. "Determinants of Sovereign Risk: Macroeconomic Fundamentals and the Pricing of Sovereign Debt," Review of Finance, European Finance Association, vol. 14(2), pages 235-262.
    22. Iván M. Rodríguez & Krishnan Dandapani & Edward R. Lawrence, 2019. "Measuring Sovereign Risk: Are CDS Spreads Better than Sovereign Credit Ratings?," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 48(1), pages 229-256, March.
    23. Alsakka, Rasha & ap Gwilym, Owain, 2013. "Rating agencies’ signals during the European sovereign debt crisis: Market impact and spillovers," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 144-162.
    24. Augustin, Patrick & Tédongap, Roméo, 2016. "Real Economic Shocks and Sovereign Credit Risk," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 51(2), pages 541-587, April.
    25. Go Tamakoshi & Shigeyuki Hamori, 2013. "Volatility and mean spillovers between sovereign and banking sector CDS markets: a note on the European sovereign debt crisis," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(3), pages 262-266, February.
    26. Gök, Remzi & Bouri, Elie & Gemici, Eray, 2023. "Volatility spillovers between sovereign CDS and futures markets in various volatility states: Evidence from an emerging economy around the pandemic," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    27. Srivastava, Sasha & Lin, Hai & Premachandra, Inguruwatte M. & Roberts, Helen, 2016. "Global risk spillover and the predictability of sovereign CDS spread: International evidence," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 371-390.
    28. Galariotis, Emilios C. & Makrichoriti, Panagiota & Spyrou, Spyros, 2016. "Sovereign CDS spread determinants and spill-over effects during financial crisis: A panel VAR approach," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 62-77.
    29. Binici, Mahir & Hutchison, Michael, 2018. "Do credit rating agencies provide valuable information in market evaluation of sovereign default Risk?," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 58-75.
    30. Liping Zheng, 2012. "Are Sovereign Credit Ratings Objective? A Tale of Two Agencies," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 2(5), pages 1-3.
    31. Jun Pan & Kenneth J. Singleton, 2008. "Default and Recovery Implicit in the Term Structure of Sovereign CDS Spreads," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 63(5), pages 2345-2384, October.
    32. Bernal, Oscar & Girard, Alexandre & Gnabo, Jean-Yves, 2016. "The importance of conflicts of interest in attributing sovereign credit ratings," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 48-66.
    33. Ismailescu, Iuliana & Kazemi, Hossein, 2010. "The reaction of emerging market credit default swap spreads to sovereign credit rating changes," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(12), pages 2861-2873, December.
    34. Blommestein, Hans & Eijffinger, Sylvester & Qian, Zongxin, 2016. "Regime-dependent determinants of Euro area sovereign CDS spreads," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 10-21.
    35. Wei-Fong Pan & Xinjie Wang & Ge Wu & Weike Xu, 2021. "The COVID-19 pandemic and sovereign credit risk," China Finance Review International, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 11(3), pages 287-301, May.
    36. Daehler, Timo B. & Aizenman, Joshua & Jinjarak, Yothin, 2021. "Emerging markets sovereign CDS spreads during COVID-19: Economics versus epidemiology news," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    37. Serhan Cevik & Belma Öztürkkal, 2021. "Contagion of fear: Is the impact of COVID‐19 on sovereign risk really indiscriminate?," International Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(2), pages 134-154, August.
    38. Wang, Ping & Moore, Tomoe, 2012. "The integration of the credit default swap markets during the US subprime crisis: Dynamic correlation analysis," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 1-15.
    39. Luca Benzoni & Pierre Collin-Dufresne & Robert S. Goldstein & Jean Helwege, 2015. "Modeling Credit Contagion via the Updating of Fragile Beliefs," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 28(7), pages 1960-2008.
    40. Hitesh Doshi & Kris Jacobs & Virgilio Zurita, 2017. "Economic and Financial Determinants of Credit Risk Premiums in the Sovereign CDS Market," The Review of Asset Pricing Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 7(1), pages 43-80.
    41. Davor Kunovac & Rafael Ravnik, 2017. "Are Sovereign Credit Ratings Overrated?," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 59(2), pages 210-242, June.
    42. Bouri, Elie & de Boyrie, Maria E. & Pavlova, Ivelina, 2017. "Volatility transmission from commodity markets to sovereign CDS spreads in emerging and frontier countries," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 155-165.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ordu-Akkaya, Beyza Mina & Özyıldırım, Süheyla, 2025. "Commodity dependence: Providing information on emerging market CDS spreads when economic indicators are absent," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    2. Augustin, Patrick & Subrahmanyam, Marti G. & Tang, Dragon Yongjun & Wang, Sarah Qian, 2014. "Credit Default Swaps: A Survey," Foundations and Trends(R) in Finance, now publishers, vol. 9(1-2), pages 1-196, December.
    3. Nader Naifar, 2020. "What Explains the Sovereign Credit Default Swap Spreads Changes in the GCC Region?," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-22, October.
    4. Inoguchi, Masahiro, 2025. "The impact of global shocks on sovereign risk: Role of domestic factors," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 49(2).
    5. Zhang, Wenlong & Zhang, Gaiyan & Helwege, Jean, 2022. "Cross country linkages and transmission of sovereign risk: Evidence from China’s credit default swaps," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    6. Sabkha, Saker & de Peretti, Christian & Hmaied, Dorra, 2019. "Nonlinearities in the oil effects on the sovereign credit risk: A self-exciting threshold autoregression approach," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 106-133.
    7. Aktham Maghyereh & Hussein Abdoh, 2024. "Oil price uncertainly and sovereign credit risk in GCC countries: fresh evidence," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 21(2), pages 457-482, May.
    8. Naifar, Nader, 2024. "Examining the nexus between oil shocks and sovereign credit risk: Multidimensional insights from major oil exporters," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    9. Haddou, Samira, 2024. "Determinants of CDS in core and peripheral European countries: A comparative study during crisis and calm periods," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    10. Dim, Chukwuma & Koerner, Kevin & Wolski, Marcin & Zwart, Sanne, 2022. "Hot off the press: News-implied sovereign default risk," EIB Working Papers 2022/06, European Investment Bank (EIB).
    11. Taurai Muvunza & Yong Jiang, 2023. "Determinants and hedging effectiveness of China's sovereign credit default swaps," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(2), pages 2074-2087, April.
    12. Saker Sabkha & Christian Peretti & Dorra Hmaied, 2019. "The Credit Default Swap market contagion during recent crises: international evidence," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 53(1), pages 1-46, July.
    13. Lotfi, Somayyeh & Milidonis, Andreas & Zenios, Stavros A., 2024. "Mispricing of debt expansion in the eurozone sovereign credit market," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    14. Saker Sabkha & Christian De Peretti & Dorra Hmaied, 2017. "The Credit Default Swap market contagion during recent crises: International evidence," Working Papers hal-01572510, HAL.
    15. Chuffart, Thomas & Hooper, Emma, 2019. "An investigation of oil prices impact on sovereign credit default swaps in Russia and Venezuela," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 904-916.
    16. Galariotis, Emilios C. & Makrichoriti, Panagiota & Spyrou, Spyros, 2016. "Sovereign CDS spread determinants and spill-over effects during financial crisis: A panel VAR approach," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 62-77.
    17. Bostanci, Gorkem & Yilmaz, Kamil, 2020. "How connected is the global sovereign credit risk network?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
    18. Huthaifa Sameeh Alqaralleh, 2024. "From volatility to stability: understanding the role of macroeconomic factors in sovereign CDS spreads," Eurasian Economic Review, Springer;Eurasia Business and Economics Society, vol. 14(3), pages 665-707, September.
    19. Naifar, Nader & Shahzad, Syed Jawad Hussain, 2022. "Tail event-based sovereign credit risk transmission network during COVID-19 pandemic," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 45(C).
    20. Pawan Kumar & Vipul Kumar Singh, 2025. "Quadrant categorization of spillover determinants of sovereign risk of BRICIT nations: a Bayesian approach," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 11(1), pages 1-22, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:quaeco:v:97:y:2024:i:c:s1062976924000930. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/620167 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.