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School turnaround in North Carolina: A regression discontinuity analysis

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  • Heissel, Jennifer A.
  • Ladd, Helen F.

Abstract

This paper examines the effect of a federally supported school turnaround program in North Carolina elementary and middle schools. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find that the turnaround program did not improve, and may have reduced, average school-level passing rates in math and reading. One potential contributor to that finding appears to be that the program increased the concentration of low-income students in treated schools. Based on teacher survey data, we find that, as was intended, treated schools brought in new principals and increased the time teachers devoted to professional development. At the same time, the program increased administrative burdens and distracted teachers, potentially reducing time available for instruction, and increased teacher turnover after the first full year of implementation. Overall, we find little evidence of success for North Carolina's efforts to turn around low-performing schools under its Race to the Top grant.

Suggested Citation

  • Heissel, Jennifer A. & Ladd, Helen F., 2018. "School turnaround in North Carolina: A regression discontinuity analysis," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 302-320.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecoedu:v:62:y:2018:i:c:p:302-320
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econedurev.2017.08.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Steven W. Hemelt & Brian A. Jacob, 2020. "How Does an Accountability Program that Targets Achievement Gaps Affect Student Performance?," Education Finance and Policy, MIT Press, vol. 15(1), pages 45-74, Winter.
    2. Kurtz, Michael D. & Conway, Karen Smith & Mohr, Robert D., 2020. "Weekend feeding (“BackPack”) programs and student outcomes," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    3. Lara Fleck & Melline Somers & Tom Stolp & Wim Groot & Frits Merode & Ralph Vries, 2025. "The Effectiveness of Interventions to Increase Employment in Education and Healthcare: A Systematic Literature Review," De Economist, Springer, vol. 173(1), pages 1-45, March.
    4. Harbatkin, Erica & Strunk, Katharine O. & McIlwain, Aliyah, 2023. "School turnaround in a pandemic: An examination of the outsized implications of COVID-19 on low-performing turnaround schools, districts, and their communities," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    5. Mark Chin & Thomas J. Kane & Whitney Kozakowski & Beth E. Schueler & Douglas O. Staiger, 2019. "School District Reform in Newark: Within- and Between-School Changes in Achievement Growth," ILR Review, Cornell University, ILR School, vol. 72(2), pages 323-354, March.
    6. Lisa Dragoset & Jaime Thomas & Mariesa Herrmann & John Deke & Susanne James-Burdumy & Cheryl Graczewski & Andrea Boyle & Rachel Upton & Courtney Tanenbaum & Jessica Giffin, "undated". "School Improvement Grants: Implementation and Effectiveness (Final Report)," Mathematica Policy Research Reports 76bce3f4bb0944f29a481fae0, Mathematica Policy Research.

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    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education

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