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Analysis of multilayer energy networks: A comprehensive literature review

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  • Kazim, Muhammad
  • Pirim, Harun
  • Yadav, Om Prakash
  • Le, Chau
  • Le, Trung

Abstract

The increasing complexity of modern energy systems, driven by renewable integration, decentralized infrastructure, and cross-sector interdependencies, necessitates advanced analytical frameworks beyond single-layer models to address interdependencies, cascading failures, and resilience. Multilayer Network Theory (MLNT) offers a robust framework for modeling interactions across diverse energy carriers (e.g., electricity, gas, and heat), providing critical insights into scalability, sustainability, and fault resilience. However, despite its potential, no comprehensive review has systematically examined MLNT’s applications in multi-energy systems (MES). This paper fills this gap by synthesizing interdisciplinary research from 2014 to 2024 to assess MLNT’s role in advancing energy systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Kazim, Muhammad & Pirim, Harun & Yadav, Om Prakash & Le, Chau & Le, Trung, 2025. "Analysis of multilayer energy networks: A comprehensive literature review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 398(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:398:y:2025:i:c:s0306261925010876
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126357
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