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Inequidad espacial en la dotación educativa regional en Colombia

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  • Jaime Bonet

Abstract

En este artículo se estudian los cambios en la inequidad de la dotación educativa en Colombia entre 1968 y 2000, en términos de desigualdades intra e interregionales. Se introducen técnicas analíticas para examinar las consecuencias de los efectos espaciales en la evolución de la desigualdad. Adicionalmente, se analiza la relación existente entre los regímenes administrativos intergubernamentales y las inequidades. Los resultados indican que la conformación regional hace que las desigualdades interregional e intrarregional sean, respectivamente, mayores y menores a aquellas que se observarían en ausencia de dependencia espacial. La definición de un régimen administrativo no es clara en el caso de los maestros, mientras que la administración centralizada o descentralizada puede ser diferenciada en las escuelas; además, se encuentra cierta evidencia que apoya la hipótesis que la adopción de un determinado régimen afecta el comportamiento de las desigualdades en las instituciones educativas. Debido a que actualmente la educación opera bajo un esquema descentralizado y a que el malestar social que motivó la adopción de esta política aún persiste en Colombia, la aplicación de un componente redistributivo y la incorporación de una dimensión espacial serían convenientes en el diseño de las políticas del sector, especialmente en los recursos orientados a la construcción de escuelas. Classification-JEL:I28, N36, R53.

Suggested Citation

  • Jaime Bonet, 2006. "Inequidad espacial en la dotación educativa regional en Colombia," Revista ESPE - Ensayos sobre Política Económica, Banco de la Republica de Colombia, vol. 24(51), pages 92-128, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:ensayo:v:24:y:2006:i:51:p:92-128
    DOI: 10.32468/Espe.5102
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    1. Carlos R. Azzoni, 2001. "Economic growth and regional income inequality in Brazil," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 35(1), pages 133-152.
    2. George J. Borjas & Olga Lucía Acosta Navarro, 2000. "Education reform in Colombia," Working Papers Series. Documentos de Trabajo 2410, Fedesarrollo.
    3. Ligia Melo Becerra, 2005. "Impacto De La Descentralización Fiscal Sobre La Educación Pública Colombiana," Borradores de Economia 2802, Banco de la Republica.
    4. Dapeng Hu & Masahisa Fujita, 2001. "Regional disparity in China 1985-1994: The effects of globalization and economic liberalization," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 35(1), pages 3-37.
    5. Fan, C Cindy & Casetti, Emilio, 1994. "The Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of U.S. Regional Income Inequality, 1950-1989," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 28(2), pages 177-196.
    6. Ana María Iregui & Jorge Ramos & Luz Amparo Saavedra, 2001. "Análisis de la Descentralización Fiscal en Colombia," Borradores de Economia 175, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    7. Shorrocks, Anthony F, 1984. "Inequality Decomposition by Population Subgroups," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 52(6), pages 1369-1385, November.
    8. Jaime Bonet, 2004. "Descentralización fiscal y disparidades en el ingreso regional: la experiencia colombiana," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 2282, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
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    Cited by:

    1. Leonardo Bonilla-Mejía & Erika Londoño-Ortega & Lina Cardona-Sosa & Luis Daniel Trujillo-Escalante, 2018. "¿Quiénes son los docentes en Colombia? Características generales y brechas regionales," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 276, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo, 2011. "Determinantes de las diferencias regionales en la distribución del ingreso en Colombia, un ejercicio de microdescomposición," Chapters, in: Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo (ed.), Dimensión regional de las desigualdades en Colombia, chapter 3, pages 67-119, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    3. Luis Armando Galvis Aponte & Adolfo meisel R., 2010. "Fondo de Compensación Regional: Igualdad de oportunidades para la periferia colombiana," Documentos de Trabajo Sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 6634, Banco de la República, Economía Regional.
    4. Galvis-Aponte, Luis Armando & Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo, 2014. "Desigualdades en la distribución del nivel educativo de los docentes en Colombia," Chapters, in: Sánchez Jabba, Andrés & Otero Cortés, Andrea (ed.), Educación y desarrollo regional en Colombia, chapter 6, pages 213-234, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    5. Gerson Javier Perez, 2012. "Primera versión de la política de seguridad democrática: se cumplieron los objetivos?," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, December.
    6. Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo, 2011. "Diferencias regionales en la distribución del ingreso en Colombia," Chapters, in: Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo (ed.), Dimensión regional de las desigualdades en Colombia, chapter 2, pages 35.63, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    7. Mora Rodríguez, Jhon James & Estrada Nates, Daniela, 2021. "La relación entre el desarrollo de los municipios y la puntuación en Matemáticas: un caso aplicado para Colombia|| The relationship between the municipality development and mathematic score: the Colom," Revista de Métodos Cuantitativos para la Economía y la Empresa = Journal of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Department of Quantitative Methods for Economics and Business Administration, vol. 32(1), pages 112-129, December.
    8. Juan Tomás Sayago Gómez, 2014. "The spatial agglomeration of educated people in Colombia," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, June.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    inequidad; desigualdad; dotación educativa; intrarregional; interregional.Note:;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I28 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Government Policy

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