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Regional economic growth and inequality in Greece

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  • Panagiotis Artelaris

Abstract

Over recent years, the context of regional inequality has been dramatically reshaped and become significantly more challenging, especially for the European Union and its Member States; this is primarily as a result of the processes of globalization and economic integration, the recent economic crisis of 2008, as well as the surge of populism and anti‐establishment extremism. It is in this setting that this paper investigates, in a consistent way, regional inequality in Greece in the post‐1981 era, paying special attention to two distinct but related issues; that is: (i) regional inequality and economic development (the inverted‐U hypothesis); and (ii) regional inequality and business cycles. The study presents empirical evidence, using sound and rigorous spatial methods, such as exploratory spatial data analysis, spatial econometrics and (spatial) decomposition techniques. Greece is studied not only as a country that has been at the epicentre of such seismic changes, but also as a country of the European Union that presents high regional disparities and undergoes severe economic cycles. From a policy perspective, the findings of this study hold the potential for advancing measures that will improve the effectiveness of regional economic policy. En los últimos años, el contexto de la desigualdad regional ha cambiado drásticamente y se ha vuelto considerablemente más complejo, en especial para la Unión Europea y sus Estados miembros. Esto se debe principalmente a los procesos de globalización e integración económica, a la reciente crisis económica de 2008, así como al surgimiento de movimientos populistas y extremismo antiestablecimiento. Es en este contexto que este trabajo investiga, de manera sistemática, la desigualdad regional en Grecia en el período posterior a 1981, y presta especial atención a dos cuestiones distintas pero relacionadas: i) la desigualdad regional y el desarrollo económico (la hipótesis de U invertida); y ii) la desigualdad regional y los ciclos económicos. El estudio presenta pruebas empíricas obtenidas mediante métodos espaciales robustos y rigurosos, como el análisis exploratorio de datos espaciales, la econometría espacial y técnicas de descomposición (espacial). Grecia se estudia no sólo como un país que ha estado en el epicentro de esos cambios sísmicos, sino también como un país de la Unión Europea que presenta grandes disparidades regionales y que experimenta ciclos económicos severos. Desde el punto de vista de las políticas, las conclusiones de este estudio encierran el potencial de promover medidas que mejoren la eficacia de las políticas económicas regionales. 近年、地域的不平等の状況は、特にEUとその加盟国において、劇的に変化しさらに難しい問題となっている。これは主に、グローバリゼーションと経済統合の過程、2008年の経済危機、ポピュリズムと反体制過激主義の高まりの結果である。本稿では、このような状況の中で、一貫した方法で、1)地域的不平等と経済発展(逆U仮説)、2)地域格差と景気循環という、異なるが関連する二つの問題に特に注目しながら、1981年以降のギリシャにおける地域的不平等を検討する。探索的空間データ解析、空間計量経済学および(空間)分解法などの妥当で頑健な空間的方法を用いた研究から、実証的エビデンスが示された。ギリシャは、地震の震源地があった国としてだけでなく、地域間格差が大きく、景気循環が厳しいEU加盟国として研究されている。政策的観点からは、本研究の知見は、地域経済政策の有効性を向上させるための施策を推進する可能性がある。

Suggested Citation

  • Panagiotis Artelaris, 2021. "Regional economic growth and inequality in Greece," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 13(1), pages 141-158, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:rgscpp:v:13:y:2021:i:1:p:141-158
    DOI: 10.1111/rsp3.12363
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    3. Panagiotis Artelaris, 2022. "A development index for the Greek regions," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 56(3), pages 1261-1281, June.

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