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Descentralizaci√Ìn Y Progreso En El Acceso A Los Servicios Sociales De Educaci√Ìn, Salud Y Agua Y Alcantarillado

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  • Fabio S√°nchez

Abstract

El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar la contribución del proceso de descentralización de la última década al avance en los indicadores de acceso a los servicios sociales. La descentralización aumentó las competencias y los recursos de los municipios para la prestación de servicios sociales de educación, salud y agua potable y alcantarillado. Se parte del principio que los dirigentes locales tienen más conocimiento de las necesidades de servicios sociales de la población, y por consiguiente, pueden asignar los recursos fiscales de forma tal que reflejen esas necesidades. No obstante lo anterior, el desempeno en la prestación y aumentos en cobertura en los servicios sociales difiere dramáticamente entre municipios, a pesar de que el marco legal sea idéntico. El origen de esas diferencias es múltiples: recursos, capacidad fiscal, capacidad técnica, participación política, conflicto interno, etc. El trabajo encuentra que -en adición al monto de los recursos- el esfuerzo propio como proporción del gasto total es la variable que tiene el mayor efecto en el aumento de las coberturas educativas y de salud. Por su parte, las transferencias a los municipios como proporción del gasto tienen efecto nulo o negativo en el aumento de las coberturas. El trabajo elabora un conjunto de tipologías municipales basadas en las variables asociadas al desempeno en la provisión de servicios sociales y senala un conjunto de recomendaciones para la futura reforma del Sistema General de Participaciones que es el marco vigente de transferencias intergubernamentales.

Suggested Citation

  • Fabio S√°nchez, 2006. "Descentralizaci√Ìn Y Progreso En El Acceso A Los Servicios Sociales De Educaci√Ìn, Salud Y Agua Y Alcantarillado," Documentos CEDE 2287, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000089:002287
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • H52 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Education
    • H54 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Infrastructures
    • H77 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations - - - Intergovernmental Relations; Federalism

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