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Profit Shifting of Multinational Corporations Worldwide

Author

Listed:
  • Javier Garcia-Bernardo

    (Tax Justice Network, CORPTAX, Charles University in Prague)

  • Petr Jansky

    (Institute of Economic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic)

Abstract

We exploit the new multinational corporations´ country-by-country reporting data with unparalleled country coverage to study profit shifting to tax havens. We show that a logarithmic function is preferable to linear and quadratic ones for modelling the extremely non-linear relationship between profits and tax rates. Using this methodology, we reveal that multinational corporations shifted US$1 trillion of profits in 2016 and that those headquartered in the United States and China did so most aggressively. We establish that the Cayman Islands is the largest tax haven, whereas countries with lower incomes tend to lose more tax revenue relative to total tax revenues.

Suggested Citation

  • Javier Garcia-Bernardo & Petr Jansky, 2021. "Profit Shifting of Multinational Corporations Worldwide," Working Papers IES 2021/14, Charles University Prague, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Economic Studies.
    • Handle: RePEc:fau:wpaper:wp2021_14
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    File URL: https://ies.fsv.cuni.cz/sci/publication/show/id/6432/lang/en
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Niels Johannesen, 2022. "The Global Minimum Tax," CEBI working paper series 22-01, University of Copenhagen. Department of Economics. The Center for Economic Behavior and Inequality (CEBI).
    2. Alessandro Ferrari & Sébastien Laffitte & Mathieu Parenti & Farid Toubal, 2022. "Profit Shifting Frictions and the Geography of Multinational Activity," Working Papers ECARES 2022-33, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    3. Alex Cobham & Tommaso Faccio & Javier Garcia‐Bernardo & Petr Janský & Jeffery Kadet & Sol Picciotto, 2022. "A Practical Proposal to end Corporate Tax Abuse: METR, a Minimum Effective Tax Rate for Multinationals," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 13(1), pages 18-33, February.
    4. Johannesen, Niels, 2022. "The global minimum tax," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    5. Javier Garcia-Bernardo & Petr Janský & Thomas Tørsløv, 2022. "Decomposing Multinational Corporations’ Declining Effective Tax Rates," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 70(2), pages 338-381, June.
    6. Katarzyna Bilicka & Evgeniya Dubinina & Petr Janský, 2022. "Fiscal consequences of corporate tax avoidance," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2022-97, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    multinational corporation; corporate taxation; profit shifting; effective tax rate; country-by-country reporting; global development;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • H26 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Tax Evasion and Avoidance
    • H32 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Firm

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