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The Future of Financial Liberalization in South Asia

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  • Ashima Goyal

Abstract

The paper defines financial liberalization, distinguishing between capital account convertibility and liberalization of domestic financial markets. It then examines the stages and the strategy of Indian financial reform and compares it with that of other South Asian countries. The Indian strategy followed a well thought out sequence whereby full capital account liberalization was to come after deepening domestic markets, and improving government finances. One alone is dangerous without the others. The experience of the global crisis has validated the Indian strategy and also shown that foreign entry has benefits but cannot resolve all issues. Deepening domestic markets and better domestic and international regulation is a necessary prerequisite for full convertibility. The stages of future liberalization should be adapted to the needs of financial inclusion, infrastructure finance, and domestic market deepening.

Suggested Citation

  • Ashima Goyal, 2012. "The Future of Financial Liberalization in South Asia," Development Papers 1203, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) South and South-West Asia Office.
    • Handle: RePEc:eap:sswadp:dp1203
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ashima Goyal, 2010. "Regulatory Structure for Financial Stability and Development," Finance Working Papers 22778, East Asian Bureau of Economic Research.
    2. Partha Sen, 2007. "Capital inflows, financial repression, and macroeconomic policy in India since the reforms," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 23(2), pages 292-310, Summer.
    3. Ashima Goyal, 2009. "Global Financial Architecture: Past and Present Arguments, Advice, Action," Working Papers id:2130, eSocialSciences.
    4. Caballero, Ricardo J. & Krishnamurthy, Arvind, 2004. "Smoothing sudden stops," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 119(1), pages 104-127, November.
    5. Ashima Goyal, 2005. "Incentives from exchange rate regimes in an institutional context," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2005-002, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    6. Jonathan David Ostry & Atish R. Ghosh & Karl F Habermeier & Marcos d Chamon & Mahvash S Qureshi & Dennis B. S. Reinhardt, 2010. "Capital Inflows; The Role of Controls," IMF Staff Position Notes 2010/04, International Monetary Fund.
    7. Menzie D. Chinn & Hiro Ito, 2002. "Capital Account Liberalization, Institutions and Financial Development: Cross Country Evidence," NBER Working Papers 8967, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. Lütkepohl,Helmut & Krätzig,Markus (ed.), 2004. "Applied Time Series Econometrics," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521547871, September.
    9. Ashima Goyal, 2006. "Regulation and Deregulation of the Stock Market in India," Chapters, in: M. Ramesh & Michael Howlett (ed.), Deregulation and its Discontents, chapter 9, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    10. Guillermo A. Calvo & Alejandro Izquierdo, 2004. "On the empirics of Sudden Stops: the relevance of balance-sheet effects," Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue Jun.
    11. Rana Ejaz Ali Khan & Qazi Muhammad Adnan Hye, 2013. "Financial liberalization and demand for money: a case of Pakistan," Journal of Developing Areas, Tennessee State University, College of Business, vol. 47(2), pages 175-198, July-Dece.
    12. Ashima Goyal, 2008. "The Structure of inflation, information and labour markets: Implications for monetary policy," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2008-010, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    13. Goyal, Ashima, 2002. "Reform proposals from developing Asia: finding a win-win strategy," MPRA Paper 30527, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    14. Masahiro Kawai, 2010. "Reform Of The International Financial Architecture: An Asian Perspective," The Singapore Economic Review (SER), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 55(01), pages 207-242.
    15. Lütkepohl,Helmut & Krätzig,Markus (ed.), 2004. "Applied Time Series Econometrics," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521839198, September.
    16. Mr. Marcos d Chamon & Miss Mahvash S Qureshi & Dennis B. S. Reinhardt & Mr. Atish R. Ghosh & Mr. Karl F Habermeier & Mr. Jonathan David Ostry, 2010. "Capital Inflows: The Role of Controls," IMF Staff Position Notes 2010/004, International Monetary Fund.
    17. S. Narayan, 2009. "India," Chapters, in: Peter Draper & Philip Alves & Razeen Sally (ed.), The Political Economy of Trade Reform in Emerging Markets, chapter 7, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Zaib Maroof & Shahzad Hussain & Muhammad Jawad & Munazza Naz, 2019. "Determinants of industrial development: a panel analysis of South Asian economies," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 1391-1419, May.
    2. Mai, Nhat Chi, 2015. "Efficiency of the banking system in Vietnam under financial liberalization," OSF Preprints qsf6d, Center for Open Science.
    3. Shivangi JAISWAL & Dr. N. KUBENDRAN, 2021. "Capital account liberalisation in India: Volatility of capital flows and selective policy issues," Theoretical and Applied Economics, Asociatia Generala a Economistilor din Romania / Editura Economica, vol. 0(1(626), S), pages 201-218, Spring.
    4. Arti Yadav & Badar Alam Iqbal, 2021. "Socio-economic Scenario of South Asia: An Overview of Impacts of COVID-19," South Asian Survey, , vol. 28(1), pages 20-37, March.
    5. Guna Raj Bhatta, 2018. "External sector liberalization, financial development and income in South Asia," Asia-Pacific Sustainable Development Journal, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), vol. 25(1), pages 37-56, June.
    6. Nölke Andreas, 2013. "A Political Economy Explanation for Country Variation in IFRS Adoption – A Comment on ‘The International Politics of IFRS Harmonization’ by K. Ramanna," Accounting, Economics, and Law: A Convivium, De Gruyter, vol. 3(2), pages 69-76, January.
    7. Ashima Goyal, 2023. "Lessons from outperformance in the Indian financial sector," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 14(5), pages 805-817, November.
    8. Adewale Samuel Hassan & Daniel Francois Meyer, 2022. "Interplay between Finance and Institutions in the Development Process of the Industrial Sector: Evidence from South Africa," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-20, October.
    9. Khan, Muhammad Azhar & Khan, Muhammad Zahir & Zaman, Khalid & Irfan, Danish & Khatab, Humera, 2014. "Questing the three key growth determinants: Energy consumption, foreign direct investment and financial development in South Asia," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 203-215.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Liberalization; capital account convertibility; regulation; inclusion; markets;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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