IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/urbstu/v57y2020i4p865-882.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Private and public schools: A spatial analysis of social segregation in France

Author

Listed:
  • Pierre Courtioux

    (EDHEC Business School, Lille, France)

  • Tristan-Pierre Maury

    (EDHEC Business School, Lille, France)

Abstract

This article shifts our understanding of the geographies of education away from large cities. It provides a geographical and urban analysis of the contribution of differences in enrolment between the public and private sectors to social segregation in French middle schools. Using the mutual information index, we show that the contribution of public/private divergences is rising and is higher in middle-sized urban areas and central municipalities. These geographical areas, however, are not those where social segregation is highest, nor those where the private sector is commonly regarded as the main cause of segregation. Moreover, the gaps between the public and the private sectors are stronger at the local level. This confirms the idea that the private sector is indeed a tool for circumventing France’s School Map ( la Carte scolaire ) for allocating places to pupils and that private schools create additional social differences locally.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre Courtioux & Tristan-Pierre Maury, 2020. "Private and public schools: A spatial analysis of social segregation in France," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 57(4), pages 865-882, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:57:y:2020:i:4:p:865-882
    DOI: 10.1177/0042098019859508
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0042098019859508
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/0042098019859508?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Simon Burgess & Deborah Wilson & Ruth Lupton, 2005. "Parallel Lives? Ethnic Segregation in Schools and Neighbourhoods," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 42(7), pages 1027-1056, June.
    2. Frankel, David M. & Volij, Oscar, 2011. "Measuring school segregation," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 146(1), pages 1-38, January.
    3. Gary Bridge, 2006. "It's not Just a Question of Taste: Gentrification, the Neighbourhood, and Cultural Capital," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 38(10), pages 1965-1978, October.
    4. Son Thierry Ly & Eric Maurin & Arnaud Riegert, 2014. "La mixité sociale et scolaire en Île-de-France : le rôle des établissements," PSE Working Papers halshs-02512771, HAL.
    5. Richard J. Murnane & Sean F. Reardon, 2017. "Long-Term Trends in Private School Enrollments by Family Income," NBER Working Papers 23571, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Fack, Gabrielle & Grenet, Julien, 2010. "When do better schools raise housing prices? Evidence from Paris public and private schools," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(1-2), pages 59-77, February.
    7. Martin Thrupp, 2007. "School Admissions and the Segregation of School Intakes in New Zealand Cities," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 44(7), pages 1393-1404, June.
    8. Ian Gordon & Vassilis Monastiriotis, 2006. "Urban Size, Spatial Segregation and Inequality in Educational Outcomes," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 43(1), pages 213-236, January.
    9. Oecd, 2011. "Private schools: Who Benefits?," PISA in Focus 7, OECD Publishing.
    10. Kalervo N. Gulson, 2007. "Repositioning Schooling in Inner Sydney: Urban Renewal, an Education Market and the 'Absent Presence' of the 'Middle Classes'," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 44(7), pages 1377-1391, June.
    11. Peter Gramberg, 1998. "School Segregation: The Case of Amsterdam," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 35(3), pages 547-564, March.
    12. Cohen-Zada, Danny & Sander, William, 2008. "Religion, religiosity and private school choice: Implications for estimating the effectiveness of private schools," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(1), pages 85-100, July.
    13. Sol Gamsu, 2016. "Moving up and moving out: The re-location of elite and middle-class schools from central London to the suburbs," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 53(14), pages 2921-2938, November.
    14. Claude Fischer & Gretchen Stockmayer & Jon Stiles & Michael Hout, 2004. "Distinguishing the geographic levels and social dimensions of U.S. metropolitan segregation, 1960–2000," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 41(1), pages 37-59, February.
    15. Rebecca Allen, 2007. "Allocating Pupils to Their Nearest Secondary School: The Consequences for Social and Ability Stratification," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 44(4), pages 751-770, April.
    16. Lois Andre-Bechely, 2007. "Finding Space and Managing Distance: Public School Choice in an Urban California District," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 44(7), pages 1355-1376, June.
    17. Chris Hamnett & Mark Ramsden & Tim Butler, 2007. "Social Background, Ethnicity, School Composition and Educational Attainment in East London," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 44(7), pages 1255-1280, June.
    18. Rebecca Allen & Anna Vignoles, 2006. "What Should an Index of School Segregation Measure?," CEE Discussion Papers 0060, Centre for the Economics of Education, LSE.
    19. Julien Grenet & Youssef Souidi, 2018. "Secteurs multi-collèges à Paris : un outil efficace pour lutter contre la ségrégation sociale ?," PSE-Ecole d'économie de Paris (Postprint) halshs-02520798, HAL.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Pierre Courtioux & Tristan-Pierre Maury & Johan Seux, 2023. "The Geographies of Segregation in French Universities from 2006 to 2016," Post-Print halshs-04118941, HAL.
    2. Pierre Courtioux & Tristan-Pierre Maury, 2021. "Social Diversity: A Review of Twelve Years of Targeting Priority Education Policies," Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE), issue 528-529, pages 9-28.
    3. Léonard Moulin, 2023. "Do private schools increase academic achievement? Evidence from France," Education Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(2), pages 247-274, March.
    4. Pablo Santiago Serrati, 2024. "School and residential segregation in the reproduction of urban segregation: A case study in Buenos Aires," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 61(2), pages 313-330, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Béatrice Boutchenik & Pauline Givord & Olivier Monso, 2020. "How do restrictive zoning and parental choices impact social diversity in schools?," Working Papers hal-03455914, HAL.
    2. Masi, Barbara, 2018. "A ticket to ride: The unintended consequences of school transport subsidies," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 100-115.
    3. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/42b5qghoam9ciavp5c1ajog86n is not listed on IDEAS
    4. de Almeida Lopes Fernandes, Gustavo Andrey, 2017. "Is the Brazilian Tale of Peaceful Racial Coexistence True? Some Evidence from School Segregation and the Huge Racial Gap in the Largest Brazilian City," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 179-194.
    5. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/42b5qghoam9ciavp5c1ajog86n is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Deborah Wilson & Gary Bridge, 2019. "School choice and the city: Geographies of allocation and segregation," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(15), pages 3198-3215, November.
    7. Ed Ferrari & Mark A Green, 2013. "Travel to School and Housing Markets: A Case Study of Sheffield, England," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 45(11), pages 2771-2788, November.
    8. Claire Crawford & Lindsey Macmillan & Anna Vignoles, 2015. "When and why do initially high attaining poor children fall behind?," DoQSS Working Papers 15-08, Quantitative Social Science - UCL Social Research Institute, University College London.
    9. Rebecca Allen & Simon Burgess & Leigh McKenna, 2010. "How should we treat under-performing schools? A regression discontinuity analysis of school inspections in England," DoQSS Working Papers 10-20, Quantitative Social Science - UCL Social Research Institute, University College London.
    10. Andersson, Eva & Malmberg, Bo & Östh, John, 2012. "Travel-to-school distances in Sweden 2000–2006: changing school geography with equality implications," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 23(C), pages 35-43.
    11. Rikke Skovgaard Nielsen & Hans Thor Andersen, 2019. "Ethnic school segregation in Copenhagen: A step in the right direction?," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(15), pages 3234-3250, November.
    12. Pablo Santiago Serrati, 2024. "School and residential segregation in the reproduction of urban segregation: A case study in Buenos Aires," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 61(2), pages 313-330, February.
    13. Guinea-Martin, Daniel, 2012. "The joint effect of ethnicity and gender on occupational segregation : an approach based on the Mutual Information Index," UC3M Working papers. Economics we1140, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Economía.
    14. Stephen Gibbons & Shqiponja Telhaj, 2007. "Are Schools Drifting Apart? Intake Stratification in English Secondary Schools," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 44(7), pages 1281-1305, June.
    15. Megan Nethercote, 2017. "When Social Infrastructure Deficits Create Displacement Pressures: Inner City Schools and the Suburbanization of Families in Melbourne," International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(3), pages 443-463, May.
    16. Willem R. Boterman, 2013. "Dealing with Diversity: Middle-class Family Households and the Issue of ‘Black’ and ‘White’ Schools in Amsterdam," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 50(6), pages 1130-1147, May.
    17. Chris Hamnett, 2012. "Concentration or Diffusion? The Changing Geography of Ethnic Minority Pupils in English Secondary Schools, 1999–2009," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 49(8), pages 1741-1766, June.
    18. Kévin Beaubrun-Diant & Tristan-Pierre Maury, 2020. "Income Segregation and Social Housing in France," Working Papers hal-02526776, HAL.
    19. Elacqua, Gregory & Santos, Humberto, 2016. "Socioeconomic school segregation in Chile: parental choice and a theoretical counterfactual analysis," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.
    20. Richard Harris, 2011. "Measuring social segregation between London’s secondary schools, 2003 – 2008/9," The Centre for Market and Public Organisation 11/260, The Centre for Market and Public Organisation, University of Bristol, UK.
    21. Rebecca Allen & Simon Burgess & Tomas Key, 2010. "Choosing secondary school by moving house: school quality and the formation of neighbourhoods," The Centre for Market and Public Organisation 10/238, The Centre for Market and Public Organisation, University of Bristol, UK.
    22. Isabel Ramos Lobato & Thomas Groos, 2019. "Choice as a duty? The abolition of primary school catchment areas in North Rhine-Westphalia/Germany and its impact on parent choice strategies," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(15), pages 3274-3291, November.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    agglomeration; cohesion; diversity; education; segregation; urbanisation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R1 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics
    • I2 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:urbstu:v:57:y:2020:i:4:p:865-882. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.gla.ac.uk/departments/urbanstudiesjournal .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.