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A Discrete Choice Approach to Modeling Food Store Access

Author

Listed:
  • Amy Hillier

    (Department of City and Regional Planning, School of Design, University of Pennsylvania, 127 Meyerson Hall, 210 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA)

  • Tony Smith

    (Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, 274 Towne Building, 220 South 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6315, USA)

  • Carolyn C Cannuscio

    (Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Anatomy Chemistry Building, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6011, USA)

  • Allison Karpyn

    (The Food Trust, 1617 John F Kennedy Blvd #900, Philadelphia, PA 19103, USA)

  • Karen Glanz

    (Perelman School of Medicine and School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, 801 Blockley Hall, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA)

Abstract

Assessments of access to healthful food frequently use GIS to measure the distance and concentration of food outlets relative to where residents live. These descriptive approaches do not account for food shopping behavior, which may vary based on the attributes of food shoppers and their activity space—places where they live, work, access resources, and socialize. Building on transportation research about accessibility, we reframe the issue of food access and equity from one about ‘what is nearby?’ to ‘where do people shop?’. We use a conditional logit model to analyze disaggregate data from a door-to-door survey of food shopping choice and food store surveys conducted in a predominantly non-Hispanic Black and middle-income and low-income section of Philadelphia. Our results highlight the importance of distance from home to food stores, overall, but they also emphasize the influence on food store choice of the race and sex of food shoppers, travel mode, and where they spend time other than at home, as well as food prices and the availability of healthful foods. This approach to understanding food access holds promise for future research that can link store choice to specific food purchases and health outcomes as well as for refining place-based strategies for improving access to healthful foods.

Suggested Citation

  • Amy Hillier & Tony Smith & Carolyn C Cannuscio & Allison Karpyn & Karen Glanz, 2015. "A Discrete Choice Approach to Modeling Food Store Access," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 42(2), pages 263-278, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envirb:v:42:y:2015:i:2:p:263-278
    DOI: 10.1068/b39136
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Train,Kenneth E., 2009. "Discrete Choice Methods with Simulation," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521747387.
    2. Antonio Páez & Ruben Gertes Mercado & Steven Farber & Catherine Morency & Matthew Roorda, 2010. "Relative Accessibility Deprivation Indicators for Urban Settings: Definitions and Application to Food Deserts in Montreal," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 47(7), pages 1415-1438, June.
    3. Drewnowski, A. & Aggarwal, A. & Hurvitz, P.M. & Monsivais, P. & Moudon, A.V., 2012. "Obesity and supermarket access: Proximity or price?," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(8), pages 74-80.
    4. Morland, K. & Wing, S. & Roux, A.D., 2002. "The contextual effect of the local food environment on residents' diets: The atherosclerosis risk in communities study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 92(11), pages 1761-1767.
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