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La nouvelle économie géographique : agglomération et dispersion

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  • Gilles Duranton

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[fre] La nouvelle économie géographique : agglomération et dispersion par Gilles Duranton . À la croisée des chemins du commerce international, de l'économie urbaine et de la micro-économie spatiale, la nouvelle économie géographique cherche à s'imposer comme un champ d'analyse distinct. Pour évaluer son état d'avancement, cet article effectue une synthèse sur la problématique de l' agglomération et la dispersion des activités et des personnes. Les réponses proposées peuvent s'organiser suivant différentes perspectives. Ainsi, les théories existantes se focalisent sur une ou plusieurs des trois dimensions principales du problème (taille, fonctions et les localisations des agglomérations). Une autre partition est possible selon une dichotomie facteurs de proximité/forces de longue distance. L'axe d'analyse choisi ici est toutefois historique : les différentes sources d'agglomération et de dispersion agissent avec des intensités différentes selon l'état du développement économique. [eng] The New Economic Geography: Clustering and Dispersion by Gilles Duranton . The new economic geography is trying to carve out its own distinct field of study at the cross-roads of international trade, urban economics and geographical microeconomics. This article reviews the issues raised by the clustering and dispersion of activities and people to assess the progress made in the new field of study. The solutions put forward can be organised using different perspectives. The existing theories focus on one or more of the three main dimensions of clusters that are analysed, which are size, function and location. Another division can be made based on local factors vs. remote forces. Yet, the focus of analysis in this article is historical. The influence of the various origins of clustering and dispersion depends on the level of economic development.

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  • Gilles Duranton, 1997. "La nouvelle économie géographique : agglomération et dispersion," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 131(5), pages 1-24.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1997_num_131_5_5882
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1997.5882
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1997.5882
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    7. Derycke, Pierre-Henri, 2009. "Regards sur l’économie urbaine 40 ans de recherches francophones (1965-2007)," Revue d'économie régionale et urbaine, Editions NecPlus, vol. 2009(02), pages 239-266, June.
    8. Zelai Xu & Nong Zhu, 2014. "City size distribution in China: are large cities dominant?," CIRANO Working Papers 2014s-04, CIRANO.
    9. Noame Khaldi, 2024. "La mobilité sociale et spatiale à l’épreuve de la dynamique des systèmes économiques," Working Papers of BETA 2024-30, Bureau d'Economie Théorique et Appliquée, UDS, Strasbourg.
    10. Bertrand Schmitt & Florence Goffette-Nagot, 2000. "Définir l'espace rural ? De la difficulté d'une définition conceptuelle à la nécessité d'une délimitation statistique," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 257(1), pages 42-55.
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