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The gender gap in children’s educational time investments in informal settlements

Author

Listed:
  • Michelle Escobar Carías

    (Department of Economics)

  • Nicole Black

    (Centre for Health Economics)

  • David Johnston

    (Centre for Health Economics)

  • Rohan Sweeney

    (Centre for Health Economics)

  • S. Fiona Barker

    (Nursing and Health Sciences)

  • Rosnaena

    (RISE Program Indonesia)

  • Syaidah Syamsul

    (RISE Program Indonesia)

  • Taniela Waka

    (RISE Program Fiji)

Abstract

We document gender differences in children’s time investments in education, unpaid labour, and leisure in an understudied population of children living in urban informal settlements in Indonesia and Fiji. Using within-settlement and within-sibling comparisons, we find that boys spend significantly less time than girls on schooling and homework and more time on leisure activities. We find no evidence that parents spend less time engaged in educational activities with sons compared with daughters. We find that the gender gaps in time use are more pronounced among children whose parents have lower schooling and more financial constraints.

Suggested Citation

  • Michelle Escobar Carías & Nicole Black & David Johnston & Rohan Sweeney & S. Fiona Barker & Rosnaena & Syaidah Syamsul & Taniela Waka, 2025. "The gender gap in children’s educational time investments in informal settlements," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 1133-1153, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:kap:reveho:v:23:y:2025:i:3:d:10.1007_s11150-025-09772-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s11150-025-09772-7
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality
    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • I3 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply

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