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An Evaluation of the Tourism-Induced Environmental Kuznets Curve (T-EKC) Hypothesis: Evidence from G7 Countries

Author

Listed:
  • Cem Ișik

    (Faculty of Tourism, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26210, Turkey)

  • Munir Ahmad

    (School of Economics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China)

  • Uğur Korkut Pata

    (Department of Economics, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye 80000, Turkey)

  • Serdar Ongan

    (Department of Economics, St. Mary’s College of Maryland, St. Mary’s City, MD 20686, USA)

  • Magdalena Radulescu

    (Faculty of Economic Studies and Law, University of Pitesti, 110040 Pitesti, Romania)

  • Festus Fatai Adedoyin

    (Departament of Accounting, Economics and Finance, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset BH12 5BB, UK)

  • Engin Bayraktaroğlu

    (Faculty of Tourism, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26210, Turkey)

  • Sezi Aydın

    (Faculty of Tourism, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26210, Turkey)

  • Ayse Ongan

    (Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA)

Abstract

This paper analyzes the legitimacy of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for a group of seven (G7) countries over the period 1995–2015. In addition to testing the EKC speculation, the authors also would like to understand the ways in which increases in renewable energy consumption and the international tourism receipt affect the CO 2 emissions in G7 countries, because the energy and tourism sectors may have considerable direct impacts on CO 2 emissions. In this investigation, a panel bootstrap cointegration test and an augmented mean group (AMG) estimator were applied. The empirical findings indicate that the tourism-induced EKC hypothesis is valid only for France. Additionally, it was detected that a rise in renewable energy consumption has a negative (reduction) impact on CO 2 emissions in France, Italy, the UK, and the US. However, an increase in the receipt of international touristm has a positive (additional) impact on Italy’s CO2 emissions. Hence, this country’s decision-makers should re-review their tourism policy to adopt a renewable-inclusive one for sustainable tourism and the environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Cem Ișik & Munir Ahmad & Uğur Korkut Pata & Serdar Ongan & Magdalena Radulescu & Festus Fatai Adedoyin & Engin Bayraktaroğlu & Sezi Aydın & Ayse Ongan, 2020. "An Evaluation of the Tourism-Induced Environmental Kuznets Curve (T-EKC) Hypothesis: Evidence from G7 Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-11, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:21:p:9150-:d:439529
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    10. Zhao, Wei & Liu, Yishu & Huang, Lihua, 2022. "Estimating environmental Kuznets Curve in the presence of eco-innovation and solar energy: An analysis of G-7 economies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 304-314.
    11. Chi-Hui Wang & Prasad Padmanabhan & Chia-Hsing Huang, 2021. "The Impact of Renewable Energy, Urbanization, and Environmental Sustainability Ratings on the Environmental Kuznets Curve and the Pollution Haven Hypothesis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-22, December.
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    13. Tomiwa Sunday Adebayo & Abraham Ayobamiji Awosusi & Husam Rjoub & Mirela Panait & Catalin Popescu, 2021. "Asymmetric Impact of International Trade on Consumption-Based Carbon Emissions in MINT Nations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-19, October.
    14. Shan, Shan & Ahmad, Munir & Tan, Zhixiong & Adebayo, Tomiwa Sunday & Man Li, Rita Yi & Kirikkaleli, Dervis, 2021. "The role of energy prices and non-linear fiscal decentralization in limiting carbon emissions: Tracking environmental sustainability," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    15. Liton Chandra Voumik & Md. Hasanur Rahman & Shohel Md. Nafi & Md. Akter Hossain & Abdul Rahim Ridzuan & Nora Yusma Mohamed Yusoff, 2023. "Modelling Sustainable Non-Renewable and Renewable Energy Based on the EKC Hypothesis for Africa’s Ten Most Popular Tourist Destinations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-19, February.
    16. Chen, Xia & Rahaman, Md Atikur & Murshed, Muntasir & Mahmood, Haider & Hossain, Md Afzal, 2023. "Causality analysis of the impacts of petroleum use, economic growth, and technological innovation on carbon emissions in Bangladesh," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    17. Buket Altinoz & Alper Aslan, 2022. "New insight to tourism-environment nexus in Mediterranean countries: evidence from panel vector autoregression approach," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(10), pages 12263-12275, October.
    18. Hailiang, Zeng & Chau, Ka Yin & Waqas, Muhammad, 2023. "Does green finance and renewable energy promote tourism for sustainable development: Empirical evidence from China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 660-671.
    19. Ali, Qamar & Yaseen, Muhammad Rizwan & Anwar, Sofia & Makhdum, Muhammad Sohail Amjad & Khan, Muhammad Tariq Iqbal, 2021. "The impact of tourism, renewable energy, and economic growth on ecological footprint and natural resources: A panel data analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).

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