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The Impact of the Environment, Digital–Social Inclusion, and Institutions on Inclusive Growth: A Conceptual and Empirical Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Ghulam Ghouse

    (Economics Department, University of Lahore, Lahore 55150, Pakistan)

  • Aribah Aslam

    (Economics Department, University of Lahore, Lahore 55150, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Ishaq Bhatti

    (Department of Finance, S P Jain School of Global Management, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia
    Department of Accounting, Data Analytics, Economics and Finance, La Trobe Business School, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3083, Australia)

Abstract

Though the literature on inclusive growth is rich, further well-founded studies are required on the issue of sustainable inclusive growth. This paper seeks to summarize the role of environmental degradation in inclusive growth based on carbon dioxide emissions, and its interaction with factors such as social inclusion, digital inclusion, and institutions. One of the findings derived from the generalized method of moments (GMM) model is that sustainable inclusive growth can be achieved in all three income groups from the global data while focusing on institutional quality, digital inclusion, and social inclusion. Simultaneously, the harmful effects of carbon dioxide emissions can be circumscribed. The major recommendations of this study are that efforts to achieve sustainable inclusive growth should combine mutually reinforcing policies, namely: (i) promoting environmentally focused sustainable inclusive growth with socio-digital inclusivity; (ii) ensuring a strong institutional playing field for achieving inclusive growth; and (iii) strengthening macroeconomic policies, which means controlling inflation, and enhancing trade openness and literacy levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Ghulam Ghouse & Aribah Aslam & Muhammad Ishaq Bhatti, 2022. "The Impact of the Environment, Digital–Social Inclusion, and Institutions on Inclusive Growth: A Conceptual and Empirical Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-19, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:19:p:7098-:d:926660
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    1. Zhenyu Sun & Wei Sun & Hongliang Gao & Ruobing Fa & Shaofan Chen & Dongfu Qian, 2023. "Digital Inclusion, Cultural Capital, and Health Status of Urban and Rural Residents: An Empirical Study Based on 2017 CGSS Database," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-14, February.
    2. Aleksy Kwilinski & Oleksii Lyulyov & Tetyana Pimonenko, 2023. "Environmental Sustainability within Attaining Sustainable Development Goals: The Role of Digitalization and the Transport Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-14, July.

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