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Understanding social inclusion, social cohesion, and social capital

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  • Robert Oxoby

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to delineate the concepts of social inclusion, social cohesion, and social capital. Design/methodology/approach - This paper reviews the existing literature and uses the ideas of Amartya Sen to develop a research and policy approach to these concepts. Findings - Specifically, the paper uses Sen's concepts of commodities and capabilities to develop a framework for understanding the related concepts of social capital, social cohesion, and inclusion. Research limitations/implications - While the approach is largely theoretical, the paper bases the analysis on existing empirical research on the social motivations of behavior and the importance on social inclusion in institutional design. Practical implications - Practically, it is hoped that the framework provides a platform for empirical research on social inclusion and cohesion, two concepts that have largely been ignored in the research on social capital. Originality/value - As such, this paper can serve as a guide to empirical researchers and policy makers interested in issues of poverty, unemployment, and social exclusion.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Oxoby, 2009. "Understanding social inclusion, social cohesion, and social capital," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 36(12), pages 1133-1152, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:ijsepp:v:36:y:2009:i:12:p:1133-1152
    DOI: 10.1108/03068290910996963
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Humberto Llavador & Robert J. Oxoby, 2005. "Partisan Competition, Growth, and the Franchise," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 120(3), pages 1155-1189.
    2. Phelps, Edmund S, 1972. "The Statistical Theory of Racism and Sexism," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 62(4), pages 659-661, September.
    3. Lundberg, Shelly J & Startz, Richard, 1983. "Private Discrimination and Social Intervention in Competitive Labor Markets," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 73(3), pages 340-347, June.
    4. Coate, Stephen & Loury, Glenn C, 1993. "Will Affirmative-Action Policies Eliminate Negative Stereotypes?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 83(5), pages 1220-1240, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. He, Sylvia Y. & Thøgersen, John & Cheung, Yannie H.Y. & Yu, Alesia H.Y., 2020. "Ageing in a transit-oriented city: Satisfaction with transport, social inclusion and wellbeing," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 85-94.
    2. Edward L. Glaeser & David I. Laibson & José A. Scheinkman & Christine L. Soutter, 2000. "Measuring Trust," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 115(3), pages 811-846.
      • Glaeser, Edward Ludwig & Laibson, David I. & Scheinkman, Jose A. & Soutter, Christine L., 2000. "Measuring Trust," Scholarly Articles 4481497, Harvard University Department of Economics.
    3. Chau-kiu Cheung, 2013. "Morale in Relation to Caring and Social Exclusion in Society," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 113(1), pages 471-490, August.
    4. Julie L. Hotchkiss, 2019. "US Decennial Census return rates: the role of social capital," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 46(5), pages 648-668, January.
    5. Peterson K. Ozili, 2020. "Social inclusion and financial inclusion: international evidence," International Journal of Development Issues, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 19(2), pages 169-186, April.
    6. Carlo Klein, 2013. "Social Capital or Social Cohesion: What Matters For Subjective Well-Being?," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 110(3), pages 891-911, February.
    7. Reindl, Ilona & Tyran, Jean-Robert, 2021. "Equal opportunities for all? How income redistribution promotes support for economic inclusion," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 390-407.
    8. Vrolijk, Kasper, 2023. "How does globalisation affect social cohesion?," IDOS Discussion Papers 5/2023, German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS).
    9. Licsandru, Tana Cristina & Cui, Charles Chi, 2018. "Subjective social inclusion: A conceptual critique for socially inclusive marketing," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 330-339.
    10. Golemi, Ela, 2013. "Socio-economic cohesion and the future of the region of south-east Europe," SEER Journal for Labour and Social Affairs in Eastern Europe, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 16(4), pages 457-466.
    11. Chau-kiu Cheung, 2013. "Public Policies that Help Foster Social Inclusion," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 112(1), pages 47-68, May.
    12. Ahmed, Zafor, 2018. "Explaining the unpredictability: A social capital perspective on ICT intervention," International Journal of Information Management, Elsevier, vol. 38(1), pages 175-186.
    13. Ana Belén Cano-Hila, 2022. "Understanding Social Inclusion in Contemporary Society: Challenges, Reflections, Limitations, and Proposals," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 10(2), pages 1-5.
    14. Reinie Cordier & Ben Milbourn & Robyn Martin & Angus Buchanan & Donna Chung & Renée Speyer, 2017. "A systematic review evaluating the psychometric properties of measures of social inclusion," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(6), pages 1-37, June.
    15. Enrico Ivaldi & Andrea Ciacci & Riccardo Soliani, 2020. "Urban deprivation in Argentina: A POSET analysis," Papers in Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 99(6), pages 1723-1747, December.
    16. Barbara Ehrenstorfer & Tanja Peherstorfer & Jan Nový, 2013. "Talents, Creativity and Innovation in Austria and the Czech Republic: A Cross-Border Empirical Investigation," Managing Global Transitions, University of Primorska, Faculty of Management Koper, vol. 11(2 (Summer), pages 181-200.
    17. Saki Morita & Keiji Jindo & Petros Maliotis, 2023. "Exploring the Influence of Work Integration Social Enterprises on Consumers through Differentiated Customer Value Proposition," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-16, March.
    18. Hongxin Li & Yunchao Bai & John Nauright, 2025. "Promoting Social Inclusion Through Sport: A Case Study of Uyghur Youth in China," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 13.
    19. Paula Pavarina, 2011. "Institutions, social capital and economic development in Latin America," ERSA conference papers ersa11p1531, European Regional Science Association.
    20. Shaphali Gupta, 2020. "Understanding the feasibility and value of grassroots innovation," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 48(5), pages 941-965, September.
    21. Ozili, Peterson K, 2023. "Can social inclusion policies promote financial inclusion?," MPRA Paper 116971, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    22. Tan, Charmaine H.Y., 2021. "The effects of group decision-making on social preferences: An experimental study," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 134-153.
    23. Arzu Kibris & Lena Gerling, 2022. "Armed conflict exposure and trust: Evidence from a natural experiment in Turkey," HiCN Working Papers 363, Households in Conflict Network.
    24. Rodrigo Javier Durán & Miguel Ángel Condorí, 2019. "Deprivation Index for Small Areas Based on Census Data in Argentina," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 141(1), pages 331-363, January.
    25. Z. Goosen & E. J. Cilliers, 2020. "Enhancing Social Sustainability Through the Planning of Third Places: A Theory-Based Framework," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 150(3), pages 835-866, August.

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