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On the globalization of stock markets: An application of Vector Error Correction Model, Mutual Information and Singular Spectrum Analysis to the G7 countries

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  • Menezes, Rui
  • Dionísio, Andreia
  • Hassani, Hossein

Abstract

This paper analyzes stock market relationships among the G7 countries between 1973 and 2009 using three different approaches: (i) a linear approach based on cointegration, Vector Error Correction (VECM) and Granger Causality; (ii) a nonlinear approach based on Mutual Information and the Global Correlation Coefficient; and (iii) a nonlinear approach based on Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA). While the cointegration tests are based on regression models and capture linearities in the data, Mutual Information and Singular Spectrum Analysis capture nonlinear relationships in a non-parametric way. The framework of this paper is based on the notion of market integration and uses stock market correlations and linkages both in price levels and returns. The main results show that significant co-movements occur among most of the G7 countries over the period analyzed and that Mutual Information and the Global Correlation Coefficient actually seem to provide more information about the market relationships than the Vector Error Correction Model and Granger Causality. However, unlike the latter, the direction of causality is difficult to distinguish in Mutual Information and the Global Correlation Coefficient. In this respect, the nonlinear Singular Spectrum Analysis technique displays several advantages, since it enabled us to capture nonlinear causality in both directions, while Granger Causality only captures causality in a linear way. The results also show that stock markets are closely linked both in terms of price levels and returns (as well as lagged returns) over the 36 years analyzed.

Suggested Citation

  • Menezes, Rui & Dionísio, Andreia & Hassani, Hossein, 2012. "On the globalization of stock markets: An application of Vector Error Correction Model, Mutual Information and Singular Spectrum Analysis to the G7 countries," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 52(4), pages 369-384.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:quaeco:v:52:y:2012:i:4:p:369-384
    DOI: 10.1016/j.qref.2012.10.002
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    3. Abu Bakar, Norhidayah & Masih, Abul Mansur M., 2014. "The Dynamic Linkages between Islamic Index and the Major Stock Markets: New Evidence from Wavelet time-scale decomposition Analysis," MPRA Paper 56977, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Jihong Xiao & Xuehong Zhu & Chuangxia Huang & Xiaoguang Yang & Fenghua Wen & Meirui Zhong, 2019. "A New Approach for Stock Price Analysis and Prediction Based on SSA and SVM," International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making (IJITDM), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 18(01), pages 287-310, January.
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    7. Guo, Jinggang & Johnston, Craig M.T., 2021. "Do protectionist trade policies integrate domestic markets? Evidence from the Canada-U.S. softwood lumber dispute," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 130(C).
    8. Paulo Ferreira, 2012. "Testing serial dependence in the stock markets of the G7 countries, Portugal, Spain and Greece," CEFAGE-UE Working Papers 2012_24, University of Evora, CEFAGE-UE (Portugal).
    9. Marco Corazza & Elisa Scalco, 2015. "Verifying the R�nyi dependence axioms for a non-linear bivariate comovement index," Working Papers 2015:11, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    10. Songtao Wu & Jianmin He & Chao Wang, 2017. "Effects of Common Factors on Dynamics of Stocks Traded by Investors with Limited Information Capacity," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2017, pages 1-15, September.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Globalization; Market integration; Vector Error Correction; Mutual Information; Singular Spectrum Analysis;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • F02 - International Economics - - General - - - International Economic Order and Integration

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