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Information, technology, and market rewards: Incentivizing aflatoxin control in Ghana

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  • Magnan, Nicholas
  • Hoffmann, Vivian
  • Opoku, Nelson
  • Gajate Garrido, Gissele
  • Kanyam, Daniel Akwasi

Abstract

The quality of agricultural products can affect both farm incomes and the healthfulness of farm families’ diets. However, many quality attributes are hard to observe, making it difficult for farmers to learn how to improve the quality of their crops. Lack of premium pass-through and the cost of quality-enhancing inputs are additional barriers to improving output quality. In this paper, we examine the relative importance of each of these barriers to smallholder adoption of technologies for reducing aflatoxin, a common food safety hazard. We conduct a randomized controlled trial in northern Ghana over the course of two seasons to test how three interventions affect adoption of practices that reduce aflatoxin risk as well as aflatoxin levels in groundnuts: (1) training on aflatoxin and its prevention, (2) distribution of free drying sheets, and (3) a price premium for groundnuts that comply with aflatoxin regulations. We find that training farmers substantially improves post-harvest practices. Drying sheet distribution and, to a lesser extent, the premium price offer lead to further improvements, including crowding-in of non-subsidized practices. We find substantial corresponding decreases in aflatoxin levels from drying sheet provision in the study region with high non-negligible background aflatoxin levels. Impacts are stronger for households with higher aflatoxin at baseline, more members, and young children.

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  • Magnan, Nicholas & Hoffmann, Vivian & Opoku, Nelson & Gajate Garrido, Gissele & Kanyam, Daniel Akwasi, 2021. "Information, technology, and market rewards: Incentivizing aflatoxin control in Ghana," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:deveco:v:151:y:2021:i:c:s0304387820301954
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jdeveco.2020.102620
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    6. Betelhem M. Negede & Hugo De Groote & Bart Minten & Maarten Voors, 2024. "Does access to improved grain storage technology increase farmers' welfare? Experimental evidence from maize farming in Ethiopia," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 75(1), pages 137-152, February.
    7. Do Nascimento Miguel, Jérémy, 2024. "Returns to quality in rural agricultural markets: Evidence from wheat markets in Ethiopia," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    8. Abate, Gashaw T. & Bernard, Tanguy & de Janvry, Alain & Sadoulet, Elisabeth & Trachtman, Carly, 2021. "Introducing quality certification in staple food markets in Sub-Saharan Africa: Four conditions for successful implementation," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
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    10. Hoffmann, Vivian & Mutiga, Samuel K. & Harvey, Jagger W. & Nelson, Rebecca J. & Milgroom, Michael G., 2021. "Observability of food safety losses in maize: Evidence from Kenya," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    11. Channa, Hira & Ricker-Gilbert, Jacob & Feleke, Shiferaw & Abdoulaye, Tahirou, 2022. "Overcoming smallholder farmers’ post-harvest constraints through harvest loans and storage technology: Insights from a randomized controlled trial in Tanzania," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    12. Hoffmann, Vivian & Jones, Kelly M., 2018. "Improving food safety on the farm: Experimental evidence from Kenya on agricultural incentives and subsidies as public health investments," IFPRI discussion papers 1746, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    13. Jonathan Bauchet & Stacy Prieto & Jacob Ricker‐Gilbert, 2021. "Improved Drying and Storage Practices that Reduce Aflatoxins in Stored Maize: Experimental Evidence from Smallholders in Senegal," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 103(1), pages 296-316, January.
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