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Estimates of Regional and Global Life Expectancy, 1800–2001

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  • James C. Riley

Abstract

Historians and demographers have gone to considerable trouble to reconstruct life expectancy in the past in individual countries. This overview collects information from a large body of that work and links estimates for historical populations to those provided by the United Nations, the World Bank, and other sources for 1950–2001. The result is a picture of regional and global life expectancy at birth for selected years from 1800 to 2001. The bibliography of more than 700 sources is published separately on the web.

Suggested Citation

  • James C. Riley, 2005. "Estimates of Regional and Global Life Expectancy, 1800–2001," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 31(3), pages 537-543, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:popdev:v:31:y:2005:i:3:p:537-543
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1728-4457.2005.00083.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Hughes, Caroline & Natarajan, Sukumar & Liu, Chunde & Chung, Woong June & Herrera, Manuel, 2019. "Winter thermal comfort and health in the elderly," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    2. Panu Poutvaara, 2021. "Population Aging and Migration," CESifo Working Paper Series 9105, CESifo.
    3. Prados de la Escosura, Leandro, 2013. "Human development in Africa: A long-run perspective," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-204.
    4. Salvatore F. Pileggi, 2021. "Life before COVID-19: how was the World actually performing?," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 55(5), pages 1871-1888, October.
    5. Jonas Schöley & José Manuel Aburto & Ilya Kashnitsky & Maxi S. Kniffka & Luyin Zhang & Hannaliis Jaadla & Jennifer B. Dowd & Ridhi Kashyap, 2022. "Life expectancy changes since COVID-19," Nature Human Behaviour, Nature, vol. 6(12), pages 1649-1659, December.
    6. Jesse McDevitt-Irwin & James R. Irwin, 2025. "Infant mortality among US whites in the 19th century: New evidence from childhood sex ratios," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 52(10), pages 303-350.
    7. Bastos, Leonardo S.L. & Marchesi, Janaina F. & Hamacher, Silvio & Fleck, Julia L., 2019. "A mixed integer programming approach to the patient admission scheduling problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 273(3), pages 831-840.
    8. Weil, David N., 2014. "Health and Economic Growth," Handbook of Economic Growth, in: Philippe Aghion & Steven Durlauf (ed.), Handbook of Economic Growth, edition 1, volume 2, chapter 3, pages 623-682, Elsevier.
    9. Reza Taherian & Maryam Karimi Ghahfarokhi & Farid Zayeri, 2026. "A study of trends and projection of life expectancy and its association with socio-demographic index: Results from GBD study 2023," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 21(6), pages 1-15, June.
    10. Banda, Mutisunge Allan, 2024. "Population age structure as a determinant of long-run macroeconomic growth: demographic endogenous growth theory," MPRA Paper 122725, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Gallardo Albarran, Daniel, 2017. "Missed opportunities? The development of human welfare in Western Europe, 1913-1950," GGDC Research Memorandum GD-166, Groningen Growth and Development Centre, University of Groningen.
    12. Christoph Scherrer, 2018. "Labour surplus is here to stay: why ‘decent work for all’ will remain elusive," Journal of Social and Economic Development, Springer;Institute for Social and Economic Change, vol. 20(2), pages 293-307, October.
    13. Gregori Galofre-Vila & Maria Gomez-Leon, 2021. "Provincial health inequalities in Spain since 1860," Documentos de Trabajo - Lan Gaiak Departamento de Economía - Universidad Pública de Navarra 2103, Departamento de Economía - Universidad Pública de Navarra.
    14. James A. Brander, 2010. "Presidential Address: Innovation in retrospect and prospect," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 43(4), pages 1087-1121, November.
    15. Matteo Dimai, 2025. "Multi-population mortality modeling with economic, environmental and lifestyle variables," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 59(1), pages 153-205, February.
    16. Guglielmo Maria Caporale & Juan Infante & Marta Rio & Luis A. Gil-Alana, 2023. "Persistence in UK Historical Data on Life Expectancy," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 42(4), pages 1-11, August.
    17. Gallardo-Albarrán, Daniel, 2019. "Missed opportunities? Human welfare in Western Europe and the United States, 1913–1950," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 57-73.

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