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The Social Structure of the Australian Urban Labour Market: 1976–1991

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  • Boyd Hunter

Abstract

The changing social structure of the labour market has both distributional and efficiency implications for Australian society. This article analyses the increase in the employment inequality among Australian urban neighbourhoods (that is, Collectors Districts or CDs) between the 1976 and 1991 censuses. When CDs are ranked by socioeconomic status we find that the employment rate falls by more in the low status areas than in other areas. Given that participation and population growth rates are higher in the high status areas, this phenomenon is likely to be driven by differences in employment levels. Shift share analysis of changes in employment levels shows that the lower demand for workers who live in the low status areas has led to falls in employment in those areas. Therefore the structural shift in the Australian economy has been a major explanation of the differences in employment rate within Australian cities. The results raise questions about the current ability of Australia's economy to adjust to the structural change necessary in an open economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Boyd Hunter, 1995. "The Social Structure of the Australian Urban Labour Market: 1976–1991," Australian Economic Review, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, vol. 28(2), pages 65-79, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:ausecr:v:28:y:1995:i:2:p:65-79
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8462.1995.tb00890.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Layard, Richard & Nickell, Stephen & Jackman, Richard, 2005. "Unemployment: Macroeconomic Performance and the Labour Market," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199279173.
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    Cited by:

    1. Peter Dawkins & Paul Gregg & Rosanna Scutella, 2005. "Employment Polarisation in Australia," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 81(255), pages 336-350, December.
    2. Boyd H. Hunter, 2006. "The ‘Peter Pan’ of Australian Economic Policy Research," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 82(257), pages 127-137, June.
    3. Boyd Hunter, 1996. "Explaining Changes in the Social Structure of Employment: The Importance of Geography," Discussion Papers 0067, University of New South Wales, Social Policy Research Centre.
    4. Robert Dixon & Muhammad Mahmood, 2006. "Unemployment Rate Dispersion in Melbourne: The ‘Regional’ Dimension," Australian Journal of Labour Economics (AJLE), Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC), Curtin Business School, vol. 9(3), pages 269-286, September.
    5. Peter Dawkins & Paul Gregg & Rosanna Scutella, 2002. "The Growth of Jobless Households in Australia," Australian Economic Review, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, vol. 35(2), pages 133-154, June.
    6. Jeremy Lawson & Jacqueline Dwyer, 2002. "Labour Market Adjustment in Regional Australia," RBA Research Discussion Papers rdp2002-04, Reserve Bank of Australia.

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