IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/tiu/tiutis/095c506d-5b5c-4ea3-9b41-ae4b5644bfd9.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Effectiveness of loyalty programs

Author

Listed:
  • Bombaij, Nick

    (Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management)

Abstract

No abstract is available for this item.

Suggested Citation

  • Bombaij, Nick, 2021. "Effectiveness of loyalty programs," Other publications TiSEM 095c506d-5b5c-4ea3-9b41-a, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    • Handle: RePEc:tiu:tiutis:095c506d-5b5c-4ea3-9b41-ae4b5644bfd9
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://pure.uvt.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/49618543/TiU_210059_PhD_Nick_Bombaij_digitaal.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Demoulin, Nathalie T.M. & Zidda, Pietro, 2009. "Drivers of Customers’ Adoption and Adoption Timing of a New Loyalty Card in the Grocery Retail Market," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 85(3), pages 391-405.
    2. Hee-Woong Kim & Atreyi Kankanhalli & So-Hyun Lee, 2018. "Examining Gifting Through Social Network Services: A Social Exchange Theory Perspective," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 29(4), pages 805-828, December.
    3. Vroegrijk, Mark & Gijsbrechts, Els & Campo, Katia, 2016. "Battling for the Household's Category Buck: Can Economy Private Labels Defend Supermarkets Against the Hard-Discounter Threat?," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 92(3), pages 300-318.
    4. Joshua D. Angrist & Jörn-Steffen Pischke, 2010. "The Credibility Revolution in Empirical Economics: How Better Research Design Is Taking the Con out of Econometrics," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 24(2), pages 3-30, Spring.
    5. Matilda Dorotic & Dennis Fok & Peter Verhoef & Tammo Bijmolt, 2011. "Do vendors benefit from promotions in a multi-vendor loyalty program?," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 22(4), pages 341-356, November.
    6. Gilles Laurent & Pierre Chandon & Brian Wansink, 2000. "A Benefit Congruency Framework of Sales Promotion Effectiveness," Post-Print hal-00458440, HAL.
    7. Jan-Benedict E. M. Steenkamp & Inge Geyskens, 2014. "Manufacturer and Retailer Strategies to Impact Store Brand Share: Global Integration, Local Adaptation, and Worldwide Learning," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 33(1), pages 6-26, January.
    8. François Bourguignon & Martin Fournier & Marc Gurgand, 2007. "Selection Bias Corrections Based On The Multinomial Logit Model: Monte Carlo Comparisons," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(1), pages 174-205, February.
    9. Gauri, Dinesh K., 2013. "Benchmarking Retail Productivity Considering Retail Pricing and Format Strategy," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 89(1), pages 1-14.
    10. Adina Bărbulescu Robinson & Kapil R. Tuli & Ajay K. Kohli, 2015. "Does Brand Licensing Increase a Licensor's Shareholder Value?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 61(6), pages 1436-1455, June.
    11. Gauri, Dinesh Kumar & Trivedi, Minakshi & Grewal, Dhruv, 2008. "Understanding the Determinants of Retail Strategy: An Empirical Analysis," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 84(3), pages 256-267.
    12. Rajiv Lal & David Bell, 2003. "The Impact of Frequent Shopper Programs in Grocery Retailing," Quantitative Marketing and Economics (QME), Springer, vol. 1(2), pages 179-202, June.
    13. Linda D. Hollebeek & Rajendra K. Srivastava & Tom Chen, 2019. "Correction to: S-D logic–informed customer engagement: integrative framework, revised fundamental propositions, and application to CRM," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 186-186, January.
    14. Marnik G. Dekimpe & Dominique M. Hanssens, 1995. "The Persistence of Marketing Effects on Sales," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 14(1), pages 1-21.
    15. Wagner A. Kamakura & Byung-Do Kim & Jonathan Lee, 1996. "Modeling Preference and Structural Heterogeneity in Consumer Choice," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 15(2), pages 152-172.
    16. Schumann, Jan H. & Wünderlich, Nancy V. & Evanschitzky, Heiner, 2014. "Spillover Effects of Service Failures in Coalition Loyalty Programs: The Buffering Effect of Special Treatment Benefits," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 111-118.
    17. Bies, Suzanne M.T.A. & Bronnenberg, Bart J. & Gijsbrechts, Els, 2021. "How push messaging impacts consumer spending and reward redemption in store-loyalty programs," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 877-899.
    18. Leenheer, Jorna & Bijmolt, Tammo H.A., 2008. "Which retailers adopt a loyalty program? An empirical study," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 15(6), pages 429-442.
    19. Dorotic, Matilda & Verhoef, Peter C. & Fok, Dennis & Bijmolt, Tammo H.A., 2014. "Reward redemption effects in a loyalty program when customers choose how much and when to redeem," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 339-355.
    20. Linda D. Hollebeek & Rajendra K. Srivastava & Tom Chen, 2019. "S-D logic–informed customer engagement: integrative framework, revised fundamental propositions, and application to CRM," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 161-185, January.
    21. Csilla Horváth & Dennis Fok, 2013. "Moderating Factors of Immediate, Gross, and Net Cross-Brand Effects of Price Promotions," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 32(1), pages 127-152, July.
    22. Sande, Jon Bingen & Ghosh, Mrinal, 2018. "Endogeneity in survey research," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 185-204.
    23. Gurumurthy Kalyanaram & Russell S. Winer, 1995. "Empirical Generalizations from Reference Price Research," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 14(3_supplem), pages 161-169.
    24. Sungho Park & Sachin Gupta, 2012. "Handling Endogenous Regressors by Joint Estimation Using Copulas," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 31(4), pages 567-586, July.
    25. Gijsbrechts, Els & Campo, Katia & Vroegrijk, Mark, 2018. "Save or (over-)spend? The impact of hard-discounter shopping on consumers' grocery outlay," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 35(2), pages 270-288.
    26. Lamey, Lien & Deleersnyder, Barbara & Steenkamp, Jan-Benedict E.M. & Dekimpe, Marnik G., 2018. "New product success in the consumer packaged goods industry: A shopper marketing approach," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 432-452.
    27. Lena Steinhoff & Robert W. Palmatier, 2016. "Understanding loyalty program effectiveness: managing target and bystander effects," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 44(1), pages 88-107, January.
    28. Baek Jung Kim & Vishal Singh & Russell S. Winer, 2017. "The Pareto rule for frequently purchased packaged goods: an empirical generalization," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 28(4), pages 491-507, December.
    29. Khouja, Moutaz & Subramaniam, Chandra & Vasudev, Vinay, 2020. "A comparative analysis of marketing promotions and implications for data analytics," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 151-174.
    30. James J. Heckman, 2000. "Causal Parameters and Policy Analysis in Economics: A Twentieth Century Retrospective," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 115(1), pages 45-97.
    31. Harald J. Heerde & Scott A. Neslin, 2017. "Sales Promotion Models," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Berend Wierenga & Ralf van der Lans (ed.), Handbook of Marketing Decision Models, edition 2, chapter 0, pages 13-77, Springer.
    32. Jeffrey M. Wooldridge, 2015. "Control Function Methods in Applied Econometrics," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 50(2), pages 420-445.
    33. Erik Brynjolfsson & Yu (Jeffrey) Hu & Michael D. Smith, 2003. "Consumer Surplus in the Digital Economy: Estimating the Value of Increased Product Variety at Online Booksellers," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 49(11), pages 1580-1596, November.
    34. Gielens, Katrijn & Gijsbrechts, Els & Dekimpe, Marnik G., 2014. "Gains and losses of exclusivity in grocery retailing," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 239-252.
    35. Rajiv Lal & Ram Rao, 1997. "Supermarket Competition: The Case of Every Day Low Pricing," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 16(1), pages 60-80.
    36. Girish Mallapragada & Rajdeep Grewal & Gary Lilien, 2012. "User-Generated Open Source Products: Founder's Social Capital and Time to Product Release," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 31(3), pages 474-492, May.
    37. Dubin, Jeffrey A & McFadden, Daniel L, 1984. "An Econometric Analysis of Residential Electric Appliance Holdings and Consumption," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 52(2), pages 345-362, March.
    38. Minnema, Alec & Bijmolt, Tammo H.A. & Non, Mariёlle C., 2017. "The impact of instant reward programs and bonus premiums on consumer purchase behavior," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 194-211.
    39. Lim, Leon Gim & Tuli, Kapil R. & Dekimpe, Marnik G., 2018. "Investors' evaluations of price-increase preannouncements," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 359-377.
    40. ter Braak, Anne & Geyskens, Inge & Dekimpe, Marnik G., 2014. "Taking private labels upmarket: Empirical generalizations on category drivers of premium private label introductions," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 90(2), pages 125-140.
    41. Ran Kivetz, 2005. "Promotion Reactance: The Role of Effort-Reward Congruity," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 31(4), pages 725-736, March.
    42. Vincent R. Nijs & Marnik G. Dekimpe & Jan-Benedict E.M. Steenkamps & Dominique M. Hanssens, 2001. "The Category-Demand Effects of Price Promotions," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 20(1), pages 1-22, September.
    43. Xavier Drèze & Joseph C. Nunes, 2009. "Feeling Superior: The Impact of Loyalty Program Structure on Consumers' Perceptions of Status," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 35(6), pages 890-905, April.
    44. Isaac M Dinner & Tarun Kushwaha & Jan-Benedict E M Steenkamp, 2019. "Psychic distance and performance of MNCs during marketing crises," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 50(3), pages 339-364, April.
    45. Bas Donkers & Peter Verhoef & Martijn Jong, 2007. "Modeling CLV: A test of competing models in the insurance industry," Quantitative Marketing and Economics (QME), Springer, vol. 5(2), pages 163-190, June.
    46. Ruth N. Bolton, 1989. "The Relationship Between Market Characteristics and Promotional Price Elasticities," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 8(2), pages 153-169.
    47. Tammo H. A. Bijmolt & Peter C. Verhoef, 2017. "Loyalty Programs: Current Insights, Research Challenges, and Emerging Trends," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Berend Wierenga & Ralf van der Lans (ed.), Handbook of Marketing Decision Models, edition 2, chapter 0, pages 143-165, Springer.
    48. Joseph C. Nunes & Xavier Drze, 2006. "The Endowed Progress Effect: How Artificial Advancement Increases Effort," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 32(4), pages 504-512, March.
    49. Francis Vella, 1998. "Estimating Models with Sample Selection Bias: A Survey," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 33(1), pages 127-169.
    50. Mathys, Juliane & Burmester, Alexa B. & Clement, Michel, 2016. "What drives the market popularity of celebrities? A longitudinal analysis of consumer interest in film stars," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 428-448.
    51. Bombaij, Nick J.F. & Dekimpe, Marnik G., 2020. "When do loyalty programs work? The moderating role of design, retailer-strategy, and country characteristics," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 175-195.
    52. Els Breugelmans & Tammo Bijmolt & Jie Zhang & Leonardo Basso & Matilda Dorotic & Praveen Kopalle & Alec Minnema & Willem Mijnlieff & Nancy Wünderlich, 2015. "Advancing research on loyalty programs: a future research agenda," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 26(2), pages 127-139, June.
    53. Inman, J Jeffrey & McAlister, Leigh & Hoyer, Wayne D, 1990. "Promotion Signal: Proxy for a Price Cut?," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 17(1), pages 74-81, June.
    54. Valeria Stourm & Scott A. Neslin & Eric T. Bradlow & Els Breugelmans & So Yeon Chun & Pedro Gardete & P. K. Kannan & Praveen Kopalle & Young-Hoon Park & David Restrepo Amariles & Raphael Thomadsen & Y, 2020. "Refocusing loyalty programs in the era of big data: a societal lens paradigm," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 31(4), pages 405-418, December.
    55. Robert C. Blattberg & Kenneth J. Wisniewski, 1989. "Price-Induced Patterns of Competition," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 8(4), pages 291-309.
    56. Ran Kivetz & Oleg Urminsky & Yuhuang Zheng, 2006. "The Goal-Gradient Hypothesis Resurrected: Purchase Acceleration, Illusionary Goal Progress, and Customer Retention," Natural Field Experiments 00658, The Field Experiments Website.
    57. Steyn, Peter & Pitt, Leyland & Strasheim, Arien & Boshoff, Christo & Abratt, Russell, 2010. "A cross-cultural study of the perceived benefits of a retailer loyalty scheme in Asia," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 17(5), pages 355-373.
    58. Carey, Catherine, 2008. "Modeling collecting behavior: The role of set completion," Journal of Economic Psychology, Elsevier, vol. 29(3), pages 336-347, June.
    59. Yanwen Wang & Michael Lewis & Cynthia Cryder & Jim Sprigg, 2016. "Enduring Effects of Goal Achievement and Failure Within Customer Loyalty Programs: A Large-Scale Field Experiment," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 35(4), pages 565-575, July.
    60. Lars Meyer-Waarden & Christophe Benavent, 2009. "Grocery retail loyalty program effects: self-selection or purchase behavior change?," Post-Print hal-01913030, HAL.
    61. Daniel M. McCarthy & Russell S. Winer, 2019. "The Pareto rule in marketing revisited: is it 80/20 or 70/20?," Marketing Letters, Springer, vol. 30(2), pages 139-150, June.
    62. Danaher, Peter J. & Sajtos, Laszlo & Danaher, Tracey S., 2020. "Tactical use of rewards to enhance loyalty program effectiveness," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 505-520.
    63. ter Braak, Anne & Deleersnyder, Barbara & Geyskens, Inge & Dekimpe, Marnik G., 2013. "Does private-label production by national-brand manufacturers create discounter goodwill?," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 343-357.
    64. Anthony D. Miyazaki & Dhruv Grewal & Ronald C. Goodstein, 2005. "The Effect of Multiple Extrinsic Cues on Quality Perceptions: A Matter of Consistency," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 32(1), pages 146-153, June.
    65. LAURENT, Gilles & CHANDON, Pierre & WANSINK, Brian, 2000. "A benefit congruency framework of sales promotion effectiveness," HEC Research Papers Series 698, HEC Paris.
    66. Dekimpe, Marnik G., 2020. "Retailing and retailing research in the age of big data analytics," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 3-14.
    67. Kumar, V. & Karande, Kiran, 2000. "The Effect of Retail Store Environment on Retailer Performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 49(2), pages 167-181, August.
    68. Brodie, Roderick J. & Ilic, Ana & Juric, Biljana & Hollebeek, Linda, 2013. "Consumer engagement in a virtual brand community: An exploratory analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 105-114.
    69. Kivetz, Ran & Simonson, Itamar, 2003. "The Role of Effort Advantage in Consumer Response to Loyalty Programs: The Idiosyncratic Fit Heuristic," Research Papers 1738r, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
    70. Praveen K. Kopalle & Yacheng Sun & Scott A. Neslin & Baohong Sun & Vanitha Swaminathan, 2012. "The Joint Sales Impact of Frequency Reward and Customer Tier Components of Loyalty Programs," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 31(2), pages 216-235, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Bies, Suzanne, 2022. "Examining the effectiveness of activation techniques on consumer behavior in temporary loyalty programs," Other publications TiSEM ade86df3-4846-4318-938f-a, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Bombaij, Nick J.F. & Dekimpe, Marnik G., 2020. "When do loyalty programs work? The moderating role of design, retailer-strategy, and country characteristics," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 175-195.
    2. Bombaij, Nick J.F. & Gelper, Sarah & Dekimpe, Marnik G., 2022. "Designing successful temporary loyalty programs: An exploratory study on retailer and country differences," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 39(4), pages 1275-1295.
    3. Chen, Yanyan & Mandler, Timo & Meyer-Waarden, Lars, 2021. "Three decades of research on loyalty programs: A literature review and future research agenda," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 124(C), pages 179-197.
    4. Alex Belli & Anne-Maree O’Rourke & François A. Carrillat & Ljubomir Pupovac & Valentyna Melnyk & Ekaterina Napolova, 2022. "40 years of loyalty programs: how effective are they? Generalizations from a meta-analysis," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 50(1), pages 147-173, January.
    5. Bies, Suzanne, 2022. "Examining the effectiveness of activation techniques on consumer behavior in temporary loyalty programs," Other publications TiSEM ade86df3-4846-4318-938f-a, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    6. Bies, Suzanne M.T.A. & Bronnenberg, Bart J. & Gijsbrechts, Els, 2021. "How push messaging impacts consumer spending and reward redemption in store-loyalty programs," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 877-899.
    7. Alina Nastasoiu & Neil T. Bendle & Charan K. Bagga & Mark Vandenbosch & Salvador Navarro, 2021. "Separating customer heterogeneity, points pressure and rewarded behavior to assess a retail loyalty program," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 49(6), pages 1132-1150, November.
    8. Steinhoff, Lena & Zondag, Marcellis M., 2021. "Loyalty programs as travel companions: Complementary service features across customer journey stages," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 70-82.
    9. Viswanathan, Vijay & Sese, F. Javier & Krafft, Manfred, 2017. "Social influence in the adoption of a B2B loyalty program: The role of elite status members," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 901-918.
    10. Malika Chaudhuri & Clay M. Voorhees & Jonathan M. Beck, 2019. "The effects of loyalty program introduction and design on short- and long-term sales and gross profits," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 47(4), pages 640-658, July.
    11. Faramarzi, Ashkan & Bhattacharya, Abhi, 2021. "The economic worth of loyalty programs: An event study analysis," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 313-323.
    12. Jisu J. Kim & Lena Steinhoff & Robert W. Palmatier, 2021. "An emerging theory of loyalty program dynamics," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 49(1), pages 71-95, January.
    13. Gabel, Sebastian & Guhl, Daniel, 2022. "Comparing the effectiveness of rewards and individually targeted coupons in loyalty programs," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 98(3), pages 395-411.
    14. Minnema, Alec & Bijmolt, Tammo H.A. & Non, Mariёlle C., 2017. "The impact of instant reward programs and bonus premiums on consumer purchase behavior," International Journal of Research in Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 34(1), pages 194-211.
    15. Panzone, Luca A., 2022. "Conditional Promotion With A Costly Reward: An Evaluation Of A Campaign To Motivate Consumption Of Fruit And Vegetables," 2022 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Anaheim, California 322058, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    16. García Gómez, Blanca & Gutiérrez Arranz, Ana M & Gutiérrez Cillán, Jesús, 2012. "Drivers of customer likelihood to join grocery retail loyalty programs. An analysis of reward programs and loyalty cards," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 19(5), pages 492-500.
    17. Matilda Dorotic & Dennis Fok & Peter C. Verhoef & Tammo H. A. Bijmolt, 2021. "Synergistic and cannibalization effects in a partnership loyalty program," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 49(5), pages 1021-1042, September.
    18. Bazargan, Amirhossein & Karray, Salma & Zolfaghari, Saeed, 2017. "Modeling reward expiry for loyalty programs in a competitive market," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 352-364.
    19. ter Braak, Anne & Deleersnyder, Barbara, 2018. "Innovation Cloning: The Introduction and Performance of Private Label Innovation Copycats," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 94(3), pages 312-327.
    20. Liu, Huan & Lobschat, Lara & Verhoef, Peter C. & Zhao, Hong, 2021. "The effect of permanent product discounts and order coupons on purchase incidence, purchase quantity, and spending," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 97(3), pages 377-393.

    More about this item

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:tiu:tiutis:095c506d-5b5c-4ea3-9b41-ae4b5644bfd9. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Richard Broekman (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.tilburguniversity.edu/about/schools/economics-and-management/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.