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Output Divergence in Fixed Exchange Rate Regimes: Is the Euro Area Growing Apart?

Author

Listed:
  • Yao Chen

    (Erasmus University Rotterdam)

  • Felix Ward

    (Erasmus University Rotterdam)

Abstract

Can fixed exchange rate regimes cause output divergence among member states? We show that such divergence is a long-run equilibrium characteristic of a two-region model with fixed exchange rates, heterogeneous labor markets, and endogenous growth. Under flexible exchange rates, monetary policy closes output gaps and realizes the associated maximum TFP growth in both regions. Upon fixing exchange rates, the region with higher structural wage inflation falls into a low-growth trap. When calibrated to the euro area, the model implies a slowdown in the TFP growth rate of the euro areaÕs periphery relative to its core. An empirical analysis confirms that the peripheryÕs higher structural wage inflation rate contributed to its lower TFP growth in the aftermath of joining the euro.

Suggested Citation

  • Yao Chen & Felix Ward, 2022. "Output Divergence in Fixed Exchange Rate Regimes: Is the Euro Area Growing Apart?," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 22-031/VI, Tinbergen Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:tin:wpaper:20220031
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    JEL classification:

    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General
    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General

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