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Investissements directs à l’étranger et stratégies des entreprises multinationales

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  • Sandrine Levasseur

    (Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques)

Abstract

Les investissements directs à l’étranger constituent certainement l’un des aspects les plus visibles de la mondialisation. Les entreprises multinationales représentent une part croissante de la production, de l’emploi et des échanges commerciaux dans le monde. La production, si elle devient de plus en plus internationale, tend aussi à s’organiser selon un mode bien spécifique. Les différentes étapes du processus de production sont réparties sur un nombre croissant de sites, localisés dans différents pays. Le bien final vendu aux consommateurs dans un pays donné est de plus en plus issu d’un assemblage de composants fabriqués dans plusieurs pays. Si la fragmentation internationale de l’activité productive n’est pas un phénomène récent, l’ampleur du phénomène est, elle, bien nouvelle. Elle accroît, tout en les modifiant, les interdépendances entre les pays : ceux-ci sont liés via l’activité des multinationales le long de la chaîne des valeurs. Un nombre croissant de pays en développement participe au processus d’intégration verticale de la production. Toutefois, ces pays ne sont pas seulement des récipiendaires de l’investissement direct étranger. Des multinationales originaires de pays en développement, certes de taille modeste pour la plupart, apparaissent. Cet article s’attache essentiellement à montrer comment s’organise la production internationale, à quels motifs et déterminants elle répond, et quels facteurs la rendent possible.

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  • Sandrine Levasseur, 2002. "Investissements directs à l’étranger et stratégies des entreprises multinationales," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/3381, Sciences Po.
    • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/3381
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    Cited by:

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    2. Jacques Le Cacheux, 2002. "Mondialisation économique et financière : de quelques poncifs, idées fausses et vérités," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(5), pages 19-46.
    3. Guillaume Daudin & Sandrine Levasseur, 2005. "Délocalisations et concurrence des pays émergents : mesurer l'effet sur l'emploi en France," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 94(3), pages 131-160.
    4. Marouane ALAYA (GREThA-GRES) & Dalila NICET-CHENAF (GREThA-GRES) & Eric ROUGIER (GREThA-GRES), 2007. "FDI Promotion policies and dynamic of growth in the South East Mediterranean countries (In French)," Cahiers du GRES (2002-2009) 2007-13, Groupement de Recherches Economiques et Sociales.
    5. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/685 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Marc Lautier & Francois Moreaub, 2012. "Domestic Investment And Fdi In Developing Countries: The Missing Link," Journal of Economic Development, Chung-Ang Unviersity, Department of Economics, vol. 37(3), pages 1-23, September.
    7. Benoît Coeuré & Isabelle Rabaud & Thierry Madiès, 2003. "Attractivité de la France : analyse, perception et mesure ; suivi d'un commentaire de Thierry Madiès," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 363(1), pages 97-127.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Entreprises multinationales; IDE;

    JEL classification:

    • F02 - International Economics - - General - - - International Economic Order and Integration
    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business

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