IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/hal/spmain/hal-01017813.html

Mondialisation économique et financière :de quelques poncifs, idées fausses et vérités

Author

Listed:
  • Jacques Le Cacheux

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract

La mondialisation économique et financière suscite des débats et controverses dont les termes sont, le plus souvent, emprunts de confusion. Bénéfique pour certains, maléfique pour d'autres, la mondialisation est tantôt parée de toutes les vertus, tantôt affublée de tous les vices. Cet article propose une grille de lecture économique des différentes facettes de ce phénomène contemporain. En premier lieu, il importe de le replacer dans une perspective historique longue, pour faire ressortir les similitudes entre la période actuelle et les précédents épisodes de mondialisation. Nous passons ensuite en revue les facteurs qui, selon nous, constituent les principaux moteurs de la mondialisation : avantages comparatifs et spécialisation, économies d'échelle et de gamme, goût des consommateurs riches pour la variété, abaissement des coûts de transport et de communication, et libéralisation et ouverture des marchés. La mondialisation qui résulte de la combinaison de ces facteurs procure des gains économiques indéniables, gains mutuels de l'échange, gains de la spécialisation et diffusion internationale des technologies, qui sont susceptibles d'engendrer, à très long terme, une tendance au rattrapage des pays les plus riches par les plus pauvres, donc une certaine convergence économique mondiale. Toutefois, la mondialisation économique et financière comporte aussi des coûts et des inconvénients, notamment en raison des restructurations qu'elle impose, de l'instabilité macroéconomique et financière qu'elle favorise en l'absence de régulations adéquates, et des inégalités qu'elle creuse entre gagnants et perdants, au sein des économies nationales et, dans certaines conditions, entre économies nationales. La dernière partie de l'article aborde la question de la gouvernance de l'économie mondialisée, en évoquant successivement les modalités de la régulation mondiale par les institutions internationales telles que le FMI et l'OMC, et les potentialités offertes par les processus d'intégration régionale, et notamment l'expérience européenne d'union économique et monétaire.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacques Le Cacheux, 2002. "Mondialisation économique et financière :de quelques poncifs, idées fausses et vérités," Sciences Po Economics Publications (main) hal-01017813, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-01017813
    DOI: 10.3917/reof.074.0019
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal-sciencespo.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01017813
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://hal-sciencespo.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01017813/document
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3917/reof.074.0019?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Williamson Jeffrey G., 1995. "The Evolution of Global Labor Markets since 1830: Background Evidence and Hypotheses," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 141-196, April.
    2. Maurice Obstfeld & Kenneth S. Rogoff, 1996. "Foundations of International Macroeconomics," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262150476, December.
    3. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/4051 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Jean-Paul Fitoussi, 2002. "Démocratie et mondialisation," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(5), pages 7-18.
    5. Desdoigts, Alain, 1999. "Patterns of Economic Development and the Formation of Clubs," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 4(3), pages 305-330, September.
    6. Vincent Touzé & Bruno Ventelou, 2002. "SIDA et développement : un enjeu mondial," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(5), pages 153-174.
    7. Maurice Obstfeld & Kenneth Rogoff, 2001. "The Six Major Puzzles in International Macroeconomics: Is There a Common Cause?," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000, Volume 15, pages 339-412, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    8. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/3883 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Jean-Paul Fitoussi & Jacques Le Cacheux, 1994. "Des perspectives sous la tutelle des créanciers," Post-Print hal-03426720, HAL.
    10. Pierre Rosanvallon & Jean-Paul Fitoussi, 1996. "Le nouvel âge des inégalités," Post-Print hal-03573357, HAL.
    11. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/3883 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/3381 is not listed on IDEAS
    13. Franco Modigliani, 1986. "Cycle de vie, épargne individuelle et richesse des nations," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 1(2), pages 16-54.
    14. Paul Krugman, 1992. "Geography and Trade," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262610868, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Michaël Zemmour, 2012. "Tax competition and the move from insurance to assistance," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 12090, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/2090 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. repec:spo:wpecon:info:hdl:2441/2090 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Axel Börsch‐Supan & Alexander Ludwig & Joachim Winter, 2006. "Ageing, Pension Reform and Capital Flows: A Multi‐Country Simulation Model," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 73(292), pages 625-658, November.
    4. DavidC. Parsley & Shang-Jin Wei, 2007. "A Prism into the PPP Puzzles: The Micro-Foundations of Big Mac Real Exchange Rates," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 117(523), pages 1336-1356, October.
    5. repec:bge:wpaper:214 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Robert Kollmann, 2015. "Exchange Rates Dynamics with Long-Run Risk and Recursive Preferences," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 26(2), pages 175-196, April.
    7. Ju, Jiandong & Shi, Kang & Wei, Shang-Jin, 2021. "Trade reforms and current account imbalances," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    8. António Afonso & José Alves & Krzysztof Beck & Karen Jackson, 2022. "Financial, Institutional and Macroeconomic Determinants of Cross-Country Portfolio Equity Flows," Working Papers REM 2022/0235, ISEG - Lisbon School of Economics and Management, REM, Universidade de Lisboa.
    9. Michel Aglietta & Vladimir Borgy & Jean Chateau & Michel Juillard & Jacques Le Cacheux & Gilles Le Garrec & Vincent Touzé, 2006. "World Growth and International Capital Flows in the XXIst Century : A Prospective Analysis with the INGENUE2 Model," Sciences Po Economics Publications (main) hal-01063793, HAL.
    10. Bergant, Katharina, 2021. "The role of stock-flow adjustment during the global financial crisis," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    11. Maurice Obstfeld & Kenneth S. Rogoff, 2005. "The unsustainable U.S. current account position revisited," Proceedings, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, issue feb.
    12. Aghion, Philippe & Bacchetta, Philippe & Rancière, Romain & Rogoff, Kenneth, 2009. "Exchange rate volatility and productivity growth: The role of financial development," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(4), pages 494-513, May.
    13. Enrique Martínez García, 2008. "Globalization and monetary policy: an introduction," Globalization Institute Working Papers 11, Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas.
    14. Claudia Buch & Serkan Yener, 2010. "Consumption volatility and financial openness," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(28), pages 3635-3649.
    15. Axel Börsch-Supan & Alexander Ludwig & Joachim Winter, 2006. "Ageing, Pension Reform and Capital Flows: A Multi-Country Simulation Model," Economica, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 73(292), pages 625-658, November.
    16. Aizenman, Joshua, 2004. "Endogenous pricing to market and financing costs," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(4), pages 691-712, May.
    17. Warwick J. McKibbin, 2006. "The Global Macroeconomic Consequences of a Demographic Transition," Asian Economic Papers, MIT Press, vol. 5(1), pages 92-134, Winter.
    18. Mishra, Anil V., 2007. "International investment patterns: Evidence using a new dataset," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 21(2), pages 342-360, June.
    19. Börsch-Supan, Axel, 2004. "Global Aging: Issues, Answers, More Questions," MEA discussion paper series 04055, Munich Center for the Economics of Aging (MEA) at the Max Planck Institute for Social Law and Social Policy.
    20. Rose, Andrew K & Engel, Charles, 2002. "Currency Unions and International Integration," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 34(4), pages 1067-1089, November.
    21. Laura Alfaro & Sebnem Kalemli-Ozcan & Vadym Volosovych, 2008. "Why Doesn't Capital Flow from Rich to Poor Countries? An Empirical Investigation," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 90(2), pages 347-368, May.
    22. Afonso, António & Alves, José & Beck, Krzysztof & Jackson, Karen, 2024. "Financial, institutional, and macroeconomic determinants of cross-country portfolio equity flows: The case of developed countries," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    23. Fabio Ghironi & Marc J. Melitz, 2005. "International Trade and Macroeconomic Dynamics with Heterogeneous Firms," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 120(3), pages 865-915.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F02 - International Economics - - General - - - International Economic Order and Integration

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-01017813. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Contact - Sciences Po Department of Economics (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.