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Time-Varying Effects of Extreme Weather Shocks on Output Growth of the United States

Author

Listed:
  • Xin Sheng

    (Lord Ashcroft International Business School, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, United Kingdom)

  • Rangan Gupta

    (Department of Economics, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa)

  • Oguzhan Cepni

    (Copenhagen Business School, Department of Economics, Porcelaenshaven 16A, Frederiksberg DK-2000, Denmark)

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of a structural shock to a metric of extreme weather, identified using sign restrictions, on output growth (and inflation) in the United States (US) from 1961 to 2022, using a time-varying parameter vector autoregressive (TVP-VAR) model. Our results show that severe weather shocks adversely affect output growth (and inflation) over the forecast horizon of one- to twelve-quarter-ahead. More importantly, we find that the effect of extreme weather on the US macroeconomic variables is indeed time-varying, with the impacts becoming smaller in recent times, possibly due to improved adaptation to climate change.

Suggested Citation

  • Xin Sheng & Rangan Gupta & Oguzhan Cepni, 2023. "Time-Varying Effects of Extreme Weather Shocks on Output Growth of the United States," Working Papers 202324, University of Pretoria, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:pre:wpaper:202324
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Uhlig, Harald, 2005. "What are the effects of monetary policy on output? Results from an agnostic identification procedure," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 381-419, March.
    2. Danilo Leiva-Leon & Luis Uzeda, 2023. "Endogenous Time Variation in Vector Autoregressions," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 105(1), pages 125-142, January.
    3. Sheng, Xin & Gupta, Rangan & Çepni, Oğuzhan, 2022. "The effects of climate risks on economic activity in a panel of US states: The role of uncertainty," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 213(C).
    4. Cepni, Oguzhan & Christou, Christina & Gupta, Rangan, 2023. "Forecasting national recessions of the United States with state-level climate risks: Evidence from model averaging in Markov-switching models," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    5. Piergiorgio Alessandri & Haroon Mumtaz, 2021. "The Macroeconomic Cost of Climate Volatility," Working Papers 928, Queen Mary University of London, School of Economics and Finance.
    6. Robert J. Barro, 2006. "Rare Disasters and Asset Markets in the Twentieth Century," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 121(3), pages 823-866.
    7. Sheng, Xin & Gupta, Rangan & Cepni, Oguzhan, 2022. "Persistence of state-level uncertainty of the United States: The role of climate risks," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 215(C).
    8. Giorgio E. Primiceri, 2005. "Time Varying Structural Vector Autoregressions and Monetary Policy," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 72(3), pages 821-852.
    9. Gupta, Rangan & Nel, Jacobus & Salisu, Afees A. & Ji, Qiang, 2023. "Predictability of economic slowdowns in advanced countries over eight centuries: The role of climate risks," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    10. Nicholas Bloom, 2009. "The Impact of Uncertainty Shocks," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 77(3), pages 623-685, May.
    11. Rietz, Thomas A., 1988. "The equity risk premium a solution," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 117-131, July.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Severe weather; Endogenous TVP-VAR; Growth; Inflation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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