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Multiple Shareholders and Control Contests

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  • Bloch, Francis
  • Hege, Ulrich

Abstract

We consider the allocation of corporate control in a company with two large and a continuum of small shareholders. Control is determined in a shareholders' meeting, where the large shareholders submit competing proposals in order to attract the vote of small shareholders. The presence of multiple shareholders reduces private benefits through competition for control. In the optimal ownership structure, the more efficient blockholder will hold just enough shares to gain control, but a large fraction of shares is allocated to the less efficient shareholder in order to reduce rents. We investigate when the large shareholders would want to trade parts or all of their share blocks among them, and show that the concern about retrading will lead to a larger than optimal stake of the controlling shareholder.

Suggested Citation

  • Bloch, Francis & Hege, Ulrich, 2003. "Multiple Shareholders and Control Contests," MPRA Paper 42286, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:42286
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    Cited by:

    1. Pérez-Soba, Inés & Martínez-Cañete, Ana R. & Márquez–de-la-Cruz, Elena, 2021. "Private benefits from control block trades in the Spanish stock exchange," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    2. repec:mth:ijafr8:v:8:y:2018:i:4:p:512-532 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Trojanowski, Grzegorz, 2008. "Equity block transfers in transition economies: Evidence from Poland," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 217-238, September.
    4. Bole, Velimir & Habuš, Ada Guštin & Koman, Matjaž & Prašnikar, Janez, 2023. "Blockholdings in closely held corporations: An analysis of ownership coalitions in emerging countries," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 47(2).
    5. Angelo Baglioni, 2011. "Shareholders' agreements and voting power: evidence from Italian listed firms," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(27), pages 4043-4052.
    6. Xibo Zhao & Dan Yang & Zhengguang Li & Lynda Song, 2021. "Multiple large shareholders and corporate fraud: evidence from China," Frontiers of Business Research in China, Springer, vol. 15(1), pages 1-21, December.
    7. Zhong, Ruohan & Li, Yanxi & Wang, Yun, 2021. "Multiple large shareholders, control contests, and forced CEO turnover," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(C).
    8. Rossi, Fabrizio & Barth, James R. & Cebula, Richard J., 2018. "Do shareholder coalitions affect agency costs? Evidence from Italian-listed companies," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 181-200.
    9. Aleksandra Pieloch-Babiarz, 2022. "Catering to investor sentiment for dividends: contestability or collusion of the largest shareholders?," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 17(2), pages 435-457, June.
    10. Zhu, Bing & Xia, Xiaoxue & Zheng, Xiaojia, 2021. "One way out of the share pledging quagmire: Evidence from mergers and acquisitions," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    11. Pombo, Carlos & Taborda, Rodrigo, 2017. "Stock liquidity and second blockholder as drivers of corporate value: Evidence from Latin America," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 214-234.
    12. Liangcheng Wang & Yining Dai & Yuye Ding, 2019. "Internal Control and SMEs’ Sustainable Growth: The Moderating Role of Multiple Large Shareholders," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-14, December.
    13. Alex Edmans & Gustavo Manso, 2011. "Governance Through Trading and Intervention: A Theory of Multiple Blockholders," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 24(7), pages 2395-2428.
    14. Bian, Wenlong & Ren, Yan & Zhang, Hao, 2022. "Do multiple large shareholders matter in financial firms? Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    15. Thraya, Mohamed Firas & Hamza, Taher, 2019. "Bidder excess control, target overpayment and control contestability: Evidence from France," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 178-190.
    16. Bing Zhou & Meng Peng & Yingxue Tan & Sidai Guo & Shengzhong Huang & Bing Xue, 2019. "Dynamic Panel Threshold Model-Based Analysis on Equity Restriction and Enterprise Performance in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(22), pages 1-20, November.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Multiple shareholders; corporate control; contestability; block trading;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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