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Collateral and credit

Author

Listed:
  • Olivier De Jonghe

    (National Bank of Belgium, Research Department)

  • Tong Zhao

    (KU Leuven, National Bank of Belgium)

  • Hans Degryse

    (KU Leuven, CEPR)

  • Luc Laeven

    (European Central Bank, CEPR)

Abstract

This paper studies the role of collateral using the euro area corporate credit registry, Ana-Credit. We document key facts about the importance, distribution, and composition of collateral, including its presence, types, and values. On average, 70 % of credit amounts are collateralized. Real estate and financial assets are the most pledged, while physical movable assets and other intangible assets are less present. In addition, we show that the aggregate collateral value pledged to the banking sector is substantial, driven mainly by real estate in most countries. For the first time, we examine the collateral channel in bank credit using the actual value of individual collateral. By exploiting within- firm and within-bank variations for newly issued secured loans, we find that the elasticity of collateral value to loan commitment amounts is around 0.7-0.8. This collateral value elasticity exhibits substantial country and time heterogeneity, which can be explained by legal, financial, and macro conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier De Jonghe & Tong Zhao & Hans Degryse & Luc Laeven, 2025. "Collateral and credit," Working Paper Research 482, National Bank of Belgium.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbb:reswpp:202509-482
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    JEL classification:

    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation

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