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Non-linearity Induced Weak Instrumentation

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Abstract

In regressions involving integrable functions we examine the limit properties of IV estimators that utilise integrable transformations of lagged regressors as instruments. The regressors can be either I(0) or nearly integrated (NI) processes. We show that this kind of nonlinearity in the regression function can significantly affect the relevance of the instruments. In particular, such instruments become weak when the signal of the regressor is strong, as it is in the NI case. Instruments based on integrable functions of lagged NI regressors display long range dependence and so remain relevant even at long lags, continuing to contribute to variance reduction in IV estimation. However, simulations show that OLS is generally superior to IV estimation in terms of MSE, even in the presence of endogeneity. Estimation precision is also reduced when the regressor is nonstationary.

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  • Ioannis Kasparis & Peter C.B. Phillips & Tassos Magdalinos, 2012. "Non-linearity Induced Weak Instrumentation," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1872, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    • Handle: RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:1872
    Note: CFP 1404
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    1. Joon Y. Park & Yoosoon Chang, 2004. "Endogeneity in Nonlinear Regressions with Integrated Time Series," Econometric Society 2004 North American Winter Meetings 594, Econometric Society.
    2. P. Jeganathan, 2008. "Limit Theorems for Functionals of Sums that Converge to Fractional Brownian and Stable Motions," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1649, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    3. P tscher, Benedikt M., 2004. "Nonlinear Functions And Convergence To Brownian Motion: Beyond The Continuous Mapping Theorem," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 20(01), pages 1-22, February.
    4. Leeb, Hannes & P tscher, Benedikt M., 2005. "Model Selection And Inference: Facts And Fiction," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 21(01), pages 21-59, February.
    5. Phillips, Peter C.B. & Jin, Sainan & Hu, Ling, 2007. "Nonstationary discrete choice: A corrigendum and addendum," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 141(2), pages 1115-1130, December.
    6. Offer Lieberman & Peter C. B. Phillips, 2004. "Error bounds and asymptotic expansions for toeplitz product functionals of unbounded spectra," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 25(5), pages 733-753, September.
    7. Miller, J. Isaac & Park, Joon Y., 2010. "Nonlinearity, nonstationarity, and thick tails: How they interact to generate persistence in memory," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 155(1), pages 83-89, March.
    8. Ibragimov, Rustam & Phillips, Peter C.B., 2008. "Regression Asymptotics Using Martingale Convergence Methods," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 24(04), pages 888-947, August.
    9. Wang, Qiying & Phillips, Peter C.B., 2009. "Asymptotic Theory For Local Time Density Estimation And Nonparametric Cointegrating Regression," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 25(03), pages 710-738, June.
    10. Park, Joon Y & Phillips, Peter C B, 2001. "Nonlinear Regressions with Integrated Time Series," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 69(1), pages 117-161, January.
    11. P. Jeganathan, 2006. "Limit Theorems for Functionals of Sums That Converge to Fractional Stable Motions," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1558, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University, revised Mar 2006.
    12. Robert de Jong, 2004. "Nonlinear estimators with integrated regressors but without exogeneity," Econometric Society 2004 North American Winter Meetings 324, Econometric Society.
    13. Park, Joon Y., 2002. "Nonstationary nonlinear heteroskedasticity," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 110(2), pages 383-415, October.
    14. Kasparis, Ioannis, 2008. "Detection Of Functional Form Misspecification In Cointegrating Relations," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 24(05), pages 1373-1403, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kasparis, Ioannis & Andreou, Elena & Phillips, Peter C.B., 2015. "Nonparametric predictive regression," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 185(2), pages 468-494.
    2. Phillips, Peter C.B. & Li, Degui & Gao, Jiti, 2017. "Estimating smooth structural change in cointegration models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 196(1), pages 180-195.
    3. Phillips, Peter C.B. & Lee, Ji Hyung, 2016. "Robust econometric inference with mixed integrated and mildly explosive regressors," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 192(2), pages 433-450.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Instrumental variables; Integrable function; Integrated process; Invariance principle; Local time; Mixed normality; Stationarity; Nonlinear cointegration; Unit roots; Weak Instruments;

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models

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