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Changing the Structure of Minimum Wages: Firm Adjustment and Wage Spillovers

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  • Machin, Stephen
  • Giupponi, Giulia

Abstract

This paper analyses the economic impact of a significant change to the structure of a minimum wage setting policy. The context is the United Kingdom where government mandated an unexpected change in the structure of minimum wages and their setting in 2016 by introducing a new minimum wage – the National Living Wage (NLW) – for workers aged 25 and over. The new NLW rate was significantly higher than the minimum wage for those under age 25. The analysis studies the consequences of this change in a sector containing many low wage workers, the care homes industry. The new minimum wage structure and associated higher minimum wage for those aged 25 and above significantly affected wages, but at the same time with little evidence of adverse employment effects, nor firm closure. Rather the margin of adjustment used to offset the sizable wage cost shock was a significant deterioration of the quality of care services. There is also strong evidence of wage spillovers as younger workers wages rose in tandem with the higher adult minimum wage, but with no impact on their employment. Based on further empirical tests, employer preference for fairness seems to offer the most plausible explanation for these results.

Suggested Citation

  • Machin, Stephen & Giupponi, Giulia, 2018. "Changing the Structure of Minimum Wages: Firm Adjustment and Wage Spillovers," CEPR Discussion Papers 12919, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:12919
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Brown, Jessica H. & Herbst, Chris M., 2023. "Minimum Wage, Worker Quality, and Consumer Well-Being: Evidence from the Child Care Market," IZA Discussion Papers 16257, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    2. Georgiadis, Andreas & Kornelakis, Andreas, 2024. "Should I Train or Should I Go? Human Resources, Human Capital, Turnover and Service Quality," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1452, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    3. Biljana Jovanovic & Nikola Naumovski, 2021. "Minimum wage reform and firms’ performance – evidence from North Macedonia," Working Papers 2021-02, National Bank of the Republic of North Macedonia.
    4. Nikhil Datta & Giulia Giupponi & Stephen Machin, 2019. "Zero-hours contracts and labour market policy," Economic Policy, CEPR, CESifo, Sciences Po;CES;MSH, vol. 34(99), pages 369-427.
    5. Elodie Andrieu & Malgorzata Kuczera, 2023. "Minimum Wage and Skills -Evidence from Job Vacancy Data," Working Papers 034, The Productivity Institute.
    6. Nikhil Datta, 2023. "The measure of monopsony: the labour supply elasticity to the firm and its constituents," CEP Discussion Papers dp1930, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    7. Pablo Blanchard & Paula Carrasco & Rodrigo Ceni & Cecilia Parada & Sofía Santín, 2021. "Distributive and displacement effects of a coordinated wage bargaining scheme," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 21-26, Instituto de Economía - IECON.
    8. Yim, Hyejin & Katare, Bhagyashree & Cuffey, Joel, 2022. "Does Increasing Minimum Wage Impact Service Quality? Evidence from Restaurant Food Safety Inspections," 2022 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Anaheim, California 322411, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    9. Adams-Prassl, Abi & Balgova, Maria & Qian, Matthias, 2020. "Flexible Work Arrangements in Low Wage Jobs: Evidence from Job Vacancy Data," IZA Discussion Papers 13691, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    10. repec:cep:spccrp:07 is not listed on IDEAS
    11. Florin Vadean & Stephen Allan, 2021. "The Effects of Minimum Wage Policy on the Long‐Term Care Sector in England," British Journal of Industrial Relations, London School of Economics, vol. 59(2), pages 307-334, June.
    12. Burchardt, Tania & Obolenskaya, Polina & Hughes, Jarrod, 2020. "The Conservatives’ record on adult social care: spending, policies and outcomes in England, May 2015 to pre-COVID 2020," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 121551, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    13. Marius Berger & Bruno Lanz, 2020. "Minimum wage regulation in Switzerland: survey evidence for restaurants in the canton of Neuchâtel," Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, Springer;Swiss Society of Economics and Statistics, vol. 156(1), pages 1-23, December.
    14. Dami'an Vergara, 2022. "Minimum Wages and Optimal Redistribution," Papers 2202.00839, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2022.
    15. Adams-Prassl, Abigail & Balgova, Maria & Qian, Matthias, 2020. "Flexible Work Arrangements in Low Wage Jobs: Evidence from Job Vacancy Data," CEPR Discussion Papers 15263, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    16. Datta, Nikhil, 2023. "The measure of monopsony: the labour supply elasticity to the firm and its constituents," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 121312, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Minimum wage structure; Wage spillovers; Employment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J23 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Demand
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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