Author
Listed:
- Adam Abdel Kader Touré
- Martin Trépanier
- Thierry Warin
Abstract
This study investigates the evolving dynamics of economic connectedness within the Great Lakes–St. Lawrence (GLSL) region, focusing on the manufacturing sector across eight U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. Leveraging monthly manufacturing employment growth rates from January 1990 to December 2024, the analysis employs a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model combined with Elastic Net regularization to capture the interdependencies and directional spillovers among these highly integrated regional economies. Through forecast error variance decomposition, the approach identifies the contributions of shocks originating in any given state or province to fluctuations in the others, thereby quantifying both the magnitude of influence (“Connectedness To”) and the degree of exposure (“Connectedness From”). The results reveal a complex yet discernible network of industrial linkages, with states such as Ohio and Indiana emerging as consistent net transmitters of shocks and provinces like Quebec displaying relatively lower susceptibility to external disturbances. A rolling window estimation confirms that these patterns vary over time, frequently intensifying during episodes of macroeconomic stress, such as the 2008–2009 financial crisis and the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings highlight the significance of coordinated policy interventions aimed at stabilizing key nodes in the network and underscore the importance of diversification and risk management strategies for entities that exhibit heightened exposure. Cette étude examine l'évolution de la dynamique des liens économiques dans la région des Grands Lacs et du Saint-Laurent (GLSL), en se concentrant sur le secteur manufacturier dans huit États américains et deux provinces canadiennes. S'appuyant sur les taux de croissance mensuels de l'emploi dans le secteur manufacturier de janvier 1990 à décembre 2024, l'analyse utilise un modèle vectoriel autorégressif (VAR) combiné à une régularisation Elastic Net afin de saisir les interdépendances et les retombées directionnelles entre ces économies régionales hautement intégrées. La décomposition de la variance des erreurs de prévision permet d’évaluer l’influence (« Connectedness To ») et l’exposition (« Connectedness From ») de chaque juridiction aux chocs régionaux. Les résultats révèlent un réseau complexe mais discernable de liens industriels, avec des États tels que l'Ohio et l'Indiana qui apparaissent comme des transmetteurs nets constants de chocs et des provinces comme le Québec qui affichent une sensibilité relativement faible aux perturbations externes. Une estimation par fenêtre glissante confirme que ces tendances varient dans le temps, s'intensifiant fréquemment lors d'épisodes de tension macroéconomique, tels que la crise financière de 2008-2009 et le début de la pandémie de COVID-19. Les résultats soulignent l'importance des interventions politiques coordonnées visant à stabiliser les nœuds clés du réseau et mettent en évidence l'importance des stratégies de diversification et de gestion des risques pour les entités fortement exposées
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