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Private Research and Public Goods: Implications of Biotechnology for Biodiversity

In: Agricultural Biodiversity and Biotechnology in Economic Development

Author

Listed:
  • Terri Raney

    (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

  • Prabhu Pingali

    (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations)

Abstract

The pattern of crop genetic diversity in the developing world has changed over the past two centuries with the modernization of agriculture, accelerating with the advent of the green revolution. Since the green revolution, the locus of agricultural research has shifted from the public to the private sector. The growing importance of the private sector in agricultural R&D is changing the types of crop technologies that are developed and the ways they are delivered to farmers, perhaps best illustrated by transgenic crops which are being developed and commercialized almost exclusively by private multinational companies. The spread of transgenic crops will influence crop genetic diversity, but their implications for the availability of plant genetic resources and the resilience of agricultural ecosystems are not entirely clear. Transgenic crops, per se, may increase or decrease crop genetic diversity, depending on how they are regulated and deployed. This paper explores a range of policy options to increase the likelihood that private sector R&D, particularly in the form of transgenic crops, enhances rather than erodes crop genetic diversity.

Suggested Citation

  • Terri Raney & Prabhu Pingali, 2005. "Private Research and Public Goods: Implications of Biotechnology for Biodiversity," Natural Resource Management and Policy, in: Joseph Cooper & Leslie Marie Lipper & David Zilberman (ed.), Agricultural Biodiversity and Biotechnology in Economic Development, chapter 0, pages 39-59, Springer.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nrmchp:978-0-387-25409-8_3
    DOI: 10.1007/0-387-25409-9_3
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    Cited by:

    1. Deepthi Kolady & William Lesser, 2012. "Genetically-engineered crops and their effects on varietal diversity: a case of Bt eggplant in India," Agriculture and Human Values, Springer;The Agriculture, Food, & Human Values Society (AFHVS), vol. 29(1), pages 3-15, March.
    2. Johns, Timothy & Eyzaguirre, Pablo B., 2007. "Biofortification, biodiversity and diet: A search for complementary applications against poverty and malnutrition," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 1-24, February.
    3. Gabriella Vindigni & Giuseppe La Terra, 2016. "Rethinking IPRs on agro-biotechnological innovations in the context of food security," RIVISTA DI STUDI SULLA SOSTENIBILITA', FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2016(2).

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • Q16 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - R&D; Agricultural Technology; Biofuels; Agricultural Extension Services

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