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Multinational banks in regulated markets: Is financial integration desirable?

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  • Andreas Haufler
  • Ian Wooton

Abstract

A core question regarding the increasing share of international trade in financial services is whether this causes banks to take more or fewer risks. We study this issue in a setting where two multinational banks engage in duopoly competition for their lending in two regional markets. Each bank affiliate can choose both the lending volume and the level of monitoring, and hence risk‐taking, where the risk of bank failure is partly borne by taxpayers in the bank affiliate's host country. Governments choose minimum capital requirements to optimally solve the trade‐off between higher lending volumes and consumer surplus, and the expected tax losses faced by taxpayers. In this setting, we consider two types of financial integration. A reduction in the transaction costs of cross‐border banking increases risk‐taking by banks, harming taxpayers and potentially overall welfare. In contrast, a reduction in the costs of screening foreign firms reduces banks' risk‐taking and is beneficial for consumers and taxpayers alike. Banques multinationales au sein de marchés réglementés : l'intégration financière est‐elle souhaitable? L'importance croissante du commerce international dans les services financiers conduit‐elle les banques à prendre davantage ou moins de risques? Dans cet article, nous étudions cette question fondamentale en élaborant un modèle où en matière d'octroi de prêts, deux banques multinationales s'engagent dans un duopole sur deux marchés régionaux. Chaque filiale peut choisir à la fois le volume de prêts et le niveau de contrôle, c'est‐à‐dire la prise de risque, la menace de défaillance reposant quant à elle partiellement sur les contribuables du pays d'accueil de la filiale. Les gouvernements définissent les exigences minimales de fonds propres pour trouver un point d'équilibre optimal entre de plus gros volumes de prêts et le surplus du consommateur d'un côté, et les pertes fiscales escomptées reposant sur les contribuables de l'autre. Dans ce modèle, nous examinons deux types d'intégrations financières. En matière d'activités bancaires transfrontalières, une réduction des frais de transaction augmente la prise de risque des banques, ce qui peut nuire aux contribuables et au bien‐être général. En revanche, une réduction des frais de contrôle des entreprises étrangères réduit la prise de risque des banques, au bénéfice à la fois des consommateurs et des contribuables.

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  • Andreas Haufler & Ian Wooton, 2021. "Multinational banks in regulated markets: Is financial integration desirable?," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 54(4), pages 1811-1841, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:canjec:v:54:y:2021:i:4:p:1811-1841
    DOI: 10.1111/caje.12508
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    JEL classification:

    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • H81 - Public Economics - - Miscellaneous Issues - - - Governmental Loans; Loan Guarantees; Credits; Grants; Bailouts

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