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Does Labour Mobility Reduce Disparities between Regional Labour Markets in Germany?

Author

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  • Annekatrin Niebuhr
  • Nadia Granato
  • Anette Haas
  • Silke Hamann

Abstract

Niebuhr A., Granato N., Haas A. and Hamann S. Does labour mobility reduce disparities between regional labour markets in Germany?, Regional Studies . Differences in regional labour market conditions are still pronounced in Germany, especially between the Eastern and Western parts. Traditional neoclassical models imply that labour mobility should reduce such disparities. In contrast, models that include externalities or selective migration suggest that regional differences may well increase due to the interregional migration of workers. The impact of labour mobility on regional disparities in Germany between 1995 and 2005 is investigated. Considering migration as well as commuting, effects on regional wages and unemployment are estimated. The results suggest that labour mobility tends to reduce disparities; however, significant effects on unemployment disparities only are found. Niebuhr A., Granato N., Haas A. and Hamann S. 劳动力移动性是否减少了德国劳动力市场的差异?区域研究。 在德国区域劳动力市场间,尤其是东西部之间,仍然存在差异。传统新古典主义模型 表明,劳动力的移动性应该会减少上述差异。而包含了外部性以及选择性移民的模型 指出,区域差异可能会由于区域间移民或工人而增加。我们考察了1995-2005年间劳动力移 动性对于德国区域差异的影响。在考虑移民以及通勤基础上,我们对于区域工资以及 失业的作用都进行了评估。结果表明,劳动力移动性倾向于减少差异,但是却唯独加 剧了失业差异。 区域差异 移民 通勤 德国 Niebuhr A., Granato N., Haas A. et Hamann S. La mobilit� du travail, est-ce qu'elle r�duit les �carts entre les march�s du travail r�gionaux en Allemagne. Regional Studies . Les diff�rences des conditions des march�s du travail r�gionaux restent marqu�s en Allemagne, surtout à l'est du pays par rapport à l'ouest. Les modèles n�oclassiques types laissent supposer que la mobilit� du travail devrait r�duire de tels �carts. Par contraste, les modèles qui incluent les effets externes ou la migration tendancieuse laissent supposer que les �carts r�gionaux pourraient se creuser à cause de la migration interr�gionale des travailleurs. On examine l'impact de la mobilit� du travail sur les �carts r�gionaux en Allemagne entre 1995 et 2005. En tenant compte de la migration ainsi que des trajets quotidiens pour se rendre au travail, on en �value l'impact sur les salaires r�gionaux et le chômage. Les r�sultats laissent supposer que la mobilit� du travail à tendance à r�duire les �carts. Cependant, il ne s'avère importants effets que sur les �carts du chômage. Écarts r�gionaux Migration Trajets quotidiens pour se rendre au travail Allemagne Niebuhr A., Granato N., Haas A. und Hamann S. Verringern sich durch eine Mobilität der Arbeitnehmer die Disparitäten zwischen den regionalen Arbeitsmärkten in Deutschland?, Regional Studies . Die Unterschiede zwischen den Bedingungen auf den regionalen Arbeitsmärkten sind in Deutschland nach wie vor ausgeprägt, insbesondere bei einem Vergleich zwischen Ost und West. Bei den traditionellen neoklassischen Modellen wird implizit vorausgesetzt, dass sich solche Disparitäten durch eine Mobilität der Arbeitnehmer verringern sollte. Demgegenüber lassen Modelle, in denen Externalitäten oder eine selektive Migration berücksichtigt werden, darauf schließen, dass sich die regionalen Unterschiede durch eine interregionale Migration der Arbeitnehmer sogar noch verstärken können. Wir untersuchen die Auswirkung einer Mobilität der Arbeitnehmer auf die regionalen Disparitäten in Deutschland im Zeitraum von 1995 bis 2005. Unter Berücksichtigung von Migration und Berufspendlern werden die Auswirkungen auf das Lohnniveau und die Arbeitslosigkeit in den Regionen geschätzt. Aus den Ergebnissen geht hervor, dass eine Mobilität der Arbeitnehmer die Disparitäten tendenziell verringert; signifikante Auswirkungen werden jedoch nur im Bereich der Disparität der Arbeitslosigkeit festgestellt. Regionale Disparitäten Migration Berufspendlerverkehr Deut schland Niebuhr A., Granato N., Haas A. y Hamann S. ¿Reduce la movilidad laboral las desigualdades entre los mercados laborales regionales en Alemania?, Regional Studies . Las diferencias entre las condiciones de los mercados laborales regionales son todav�a muy pronunciadas en Alemania, especialmente entre el este y el oeste. Con los modelos neoclásicos tradicionales se supone que la movilidad laboral deber�a reducir tales desigualdades. Sin embargo, los modelos que incluyen factores externos o migración selectiva indican que las diferencias regionales bien podr�an aumentar debido a la migración interregional de los trabajadores. Aqu� analizamos el efecto de la movilidad laboral en las desigualdades regionales en Alemania entre 1995 y 2005. Teniendo en cuenta la migración as� como los desplazamientos al trabajo, calculamos los efectos en los salarios y el desempleo regionales. Los resultados indican que la movilidad laboral tiende a reducir las desigualdades, sin embargo, observamos solamente efectos significativos en las desigualdades de desempleo. Desigualdades regionales Migración Desplazamientos al trabajo Alemania

Suggested Citation

  • Annekatrin Niebuhr & Nadia Granato & Anette Haas & Silke Hamann, 2012. "Does Labour Mobility Reduce Disparities between Regional Labour Markets in Germany?," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 46(7), pages 841-858, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:46:y:2012:i:7:p:841-858
    DOI: 10.1080/00343404.2010.532118
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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