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Commonalities in Private Commercial Real Estate Market Liquidity and Price Index Returns

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  • Dorinth W. Dijk

    (De Nederlandsche Bank
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Marc K. Francke

    (University of Amsterdam
    Ortec Finance)

Abstract

We examine co-movements in private commercial real estate index returns and market liquidity in the US (apartment, office, retail) and for eighteen global cities, using data from Real Capital Analytics over the period 2005–2018. Our measure of market liquidity is based on the difference between supply and demand price indexes. We document for all analyzed markets much stronger commonalities in changes in market liquidity compared to commonalities in real price index returns. We further provide empirical evidence that space markets are less integrated than capital markets by analyzing co-movements in net-operating-income and cap rate spreads (over similar maturity bond yields). In a theoretical simulation model, we show that the strong integration of capital markets compared to space markets, is in fact the reason why market liquidity co-moves so strongly compared to returns. Our results are of interest for large private real estate investors such as pension funds and other institutional investors who are interested in spreading risk. Our findings imply that fully diversified price return benefits may be difficult to obtain, because market liquidity may dry up in all markets simultaneously, which makes portfolio re-balancing more difficult and costly.

Suggested Citation

  • Dorinth W. Dijk & Marc K. Francke, 2025. "Commonalities in Private Commercial Real Estate Market Liquidity and Price Index Returns," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 71(2), pages 141-177, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jrefec:v:71:y:2025:i:2:d:10.1007_s11146-021-09839-z
    DOI: 10.1007/s11146-021-09839-z
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • R30 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Real Estate Markets, Spatial Production Analysis, and Firm Location - - - General
    • C11 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Bayesian Analysis: General
    • C41 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Duration Analysis; Optimal Timing Strategies

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