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Hybrid Entrepreneurship

Author

Listed:
  • Timothy B. Folta

    (Krannert School of Management, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907; and EMLYON Business School, 69132, Ecully Cedex, France)

  • Frédéric Delmar

    (Entrepreneurship Research Centre, EMLYON Business School, 69132 Ecully Cedex, France; and Research Institute of Industrial Economics, SE-102 15 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Karl Wennberg

    (Innovation and Entrepreneurship Group, Imperial College Business School, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; and Center for Entrepreneurship and Business Creation, Stockholm School of Economics, SE-113 83 Stockholm, Sweden)

Abstract

In contrast to previous efforts to model an individual's movement from wage work into entrepreneurship, we consider that individuals might transition incrementally by retaining their wage job while entering into self-employment. We show that these hybrid entrepreneurs represent a significant share of all entrepreneurial activity. Theoretical arguments are proposed to suggest why hybrid entrants are distinct from self-employment entrants, and why hybrid entry may facilitate subsequent entry into full self-employment. We demonstrate that there are significant theoretical and empirical consequences for this group and our understanding of self-employment entry and labor market dynamics. Using matched employee-employer data over eight years, we test the model on a population of Swedish wage earners in the knowledge-intensive sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Timothy B. Folta & Frédéric Delmar & Karl Wennberg, 2010. "Hybrid Entrepreneurship," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 56(2), pages 253-269, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:inm:ormnsc:v:56:y:2010:i:2:p:253-269
    DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.1090.1094
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    self-employment; entrepreneurship; entry; real options; learning;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H39 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Other
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship

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