IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i10p3518-d813579.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Restructuring of the Coal Mining Industry and the Challenges of Energy Transition in Poland (1990–2020)

Author

Listed:
  • Jarosław Kaczmarek

    (Department of Economics and Organization of Enterprises, Cracow University of Economics, Rakowicka St. 27, 31-510 Cracow, Poland)

  • Konrad Kolegowicz

    (Department of Economics and Organization of Enterprises, Cracow University of Economics, Rakowicka St. 27, 31-510 Cracow, Poland)

  • Wojciech Szymla

    (Department of Economics and Organization of Enterprises, Cracow University of Economics, Rakowicka St. 27, 31-510 Cracow, Poland)

Abstract

The European Union’s climate policy and the energy transition associated with it force individual countries, their economies and their industrial sectors to carry out thorough changes, often of a deep, high-cost and restructuring nature. The aim of the article is to provide a multidimensional assessment of the forms and effects of the restructuring of coal mining companies in Poland in light of the current energy transition process. The research problem is encapsulated within the following two interdependent questions: Has the restructuring process allowed the coal mining industry to achieve sufficient efficiency to sustainably compete in the open market, and to what extent, if at all, have the objectives of restructuring been achieved from the perspective of changes in the energy mix? The research covers all coal mining companies included in the official statistics. It adopts a long-term perspective (1990–2020), dating from the beginning of the systemic transformation in Poland. The research involved the use of multivariate financial analysis methods, including the logit model for predicting the degree of financial threat, as well as taxonomic methods for assessing the dissimilarity of structures and their concentration. The general conclusion of the research is that there has been a lack of consistency (follow-up) between the forms and effects of restructuring in coal mining companies in Poland on the one hand and changes in the composition of the country’s energy mix as a result of the energy transition on the other. In particular, this means that such restructuring, being neither effective nor efficient, has failed to accelerate change in the energy mix.

Suggested Citation

  • Jarosław Kaczmarek & Konrad Kolegowicz & Wojciech Szymla, 2022. "Restructuring of the Coal Mining Industry and the Challenges of Energy Transition in Poland (1990–2020)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-48, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:10:p:3518-:d:813579
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/10/3518/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/10/3518/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Beata Gavurova & Miroslava Packova & Maria Misankova & Lubos Smrcka, 2017. "Predictive potential and risks of selected bankruptcy prediction models in the Slovak business environment," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(6), pages 1156-1173, November.
    2. Aurelia Rybak & Aleksandra Rybak, 2020. "Analysis of the Main Coal Mining Restructuring Policy Objectives in the Light of Polish Mining Companies’ Ability to Change," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-16, June.
    3. Michał Baran & Aneta Kuźniarska & Zbigniew J. Makieła & Anna Sławik & Magdalena M. Stuss, 2022. "Does ESG Reporting Relate to Corporate Financial Performance in the Context of the Energy Sector Transformation? Evidence from Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-22, January.
    4. Bonnet, Clément & Hache, Emmanuel & Seck, Gondia Sokhna & Simoën, Marine & Carcanague, Samuel, 2019. "Who's winning the low-carbon innovation race? An assessment of countries' leadership in renewable energy technologies," International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 31-42.
    5. Blanchard, Olivier, 1996. "Theoretical Aspects of Transition," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 86(2), pages 117-122, May.
    6. Castellacci, Fulvio, 2008. "Technological paradigms, regimes and trajectories: Manufacturing and service industries in a new taxonomy of sectoral patterns of innovation," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(6-7), pages 978-994, July.
    7. Jarosław Brodny & Magdalena Tutak & Saqib Ahmad Saki, 2020. "Forecasting the Structure of Energy Production from Renewable Energy Sources and Biofuels in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-31, May.
    8. Consoli, Davide & Rentocchini, Francesco, 2015. "A taxonomy of multi-industry labour force skills," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(5), pages 1116-1132.
    9. Harlan Platt & Marjorie Platt, 2002. "Predicting corporate financial distress: Reflections on choice-based sample bias," Journal of Economics and Finance, Springer;Academy of Economics and Finance, vol. 26(2), pages 184-199, June.
    10. Malec, Marcin, 2022. "The prospects for decarbonisation in the context of reported resources and energy policy goals: The case of Poland," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    11. Kamyk, Jarosław & Kot-Niewiadomska, Alicja & Galos, Krzysztof, 2021. "The criticality of crude oil for energy security: A case of Poland," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    12. Magdalena Tutak & Jarosław Brodny & Dominika Siwiec & Robert Ulewicz & Peter Bindzár, 2020. "Studying the Level of Sustainable Energy Development of the European Union Countries and Their Similarity Based on the Economic and Demographic Potential," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-31, December.
    13. Rybak, Aurelia & Rybak, Aleksandra, 2016. "Possible strategies for hard coal mining in Poland as a result of production function analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 27-33.
    14. Ozan Korkmaz & Bihrat Önöz, 2022. "Modelling the Potential Impacts of Nuclear Energy and Renewables in the Turkish Energy System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-25, February.
    15. Harbir Singh, 1993. "Challenges In Researching Corporate Restructuring," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(1), pages 147-172, January.
    16. Bel, Germà & Joseph, Stephan, 2018. "Policy stringency under the European Union Emission trading system and its impact on technological change in the energy sector," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 434-444.
    17. S. Fisher & R. Sahay & C. A. Vegh, 1997. "Stabilization and Growth in Transition Economies: The Early Experience," Voprosy Ekonomiki, NP Voprosy Ekonomiki, vol. 5.
    18. Jarosław Kaczmarek, 2019. "The Mechanisms of Creating Value vs. Financial Security of Going Concern—Sustainable Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-24, April.
    19. Anders Åslund & Peter Boone & Simon Johnson, 1996. "How to Stabilize: Lessons from Post-communist Countries," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 27(1), pages 217-314.
    20. Jarosław Kaczmarek, 2022. "The Stance, Factors, and Composition of Competitiveness of SMEs in Poland," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-24, February.
    21. Jaroslaw Kaczmarek & Sergio Luis Nanez Alonso & Andrzej Sokolowski & Kamil Fijorek & Sabina Denkowska, 2021. "Financial threat profiles of industrial enterprises in Poland," Oeconomia Copernicana, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 12(2), pages 463-498, June.
    22. Stanley Fischer & Ratna Sahay & Carlos A. Vegh, 1996. "Stabilization and Growth in Transition Economies: The Early Experience," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 10(2), pages 45-66, Spring.
    23. Stelios Loumakis & Eugenia Giannini & Zacharias Maroulis, 2019. "Merit Order Effect Modeling: The Case of the Hellenic Electricity Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-20, October.
    24. Dariusz Fuksa, 2021. "Innovative Method for Calculating the Break-Even for Multi-Assortment Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-10, July.
    25. Cellura, Maurizio & Longo, Sonia & Mistretta, Marina, 2012. "Application of the Structural Decomposition Analysis to assess the indirect energy consumption and air emission changes related to Italian households consumption," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(2), pages 1135-1145.
    26. Izaskun Barba & Belen Iraizoz, 2020. "Effect of the Great Crisis on Sectoral Female Employment in Europe: A Structural Decomposition Analysis," Economies, MDPI, vol. 8(3), pages 1-24, August.
    27. Lidia Gawlik & Eugeniusz Mokrzycki, 2019. "Changes in the Structure of Electricity Generation in Poland in View of the EU Climate Package," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-19, August.
    28. Burns, Alan & Newby, Martin & Winterton, Jonathan, 1985. "The Restructuring of the British Coal Industry," Cambridge Journal of Economics, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 9(1), pages 93-110, March.
    29. Pavitt, Keith, 1984. "Sectoral patterns of technical change: Towards a taxonomy and a theory," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 13(6), pages 343-373, December.
    30. Unknown, 2016. "Energy for Sustainable Development," Conference Proceedings 253270, Guru Arjan Dev Institute of Development Studies (IDSAsr).
    31. Peres Núñez, Wilson & Primi, Annalisa, 2009. "Theory and practice of industrial policy: evidence from the Latin American experience," Desarrollo Productivo 4582, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL).
    32. Timmer, Marcel P. & Szirmai, Adam, 2000. "Productivity growth in Asian manufacturing: the structural bonus hypothesis examined," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 11(4), pages 371-392, December.
    33. Fijorek, Kamil & Sokolowski, Andrzej, 2012. "Separation-Resistant and Bias-Reduced Logistic Regression: STATISTICA Macro," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 47(c02).
    34. Liobikienė, Genovaitė & Butkus, Mindaugas, 2017. "The European Union possibilities to achieve targets of Europe 2020 and Paris agreement climate policy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 298-309.
    35. Izabela Jonek-Kowalska & Marian Turek, 2017. "Dependence of Total Production Costs on Production and Infrastructure Parameters in the Polish Hard Coal Mining Industry," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-22, September.
    36. Rogge, Karoline S. & Pfluger, Benjamin & Geels, Frank W., 2020. "Transformative policy mixes in socio-technical scenarios: The case of the low-carbon transition of the German electricity system (2010–2050)," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    37. Tagliapietra, Simone & Zachmann, Georg & Edenhofer, Ottmar & Glachant, Jean-Michel & Linares, Pedro & Loeschel, Andreas, 2019. "The European union energy transition: Key priorities for the next five years," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 950-954.
    38. August Wierling & Valeria Jana Schwanitz & Jan Pedro Zeiß & Celine Bout & Chiara Candelise & Winston Gilcrease & Jay Sterling Gregg, 2018. "Statistical Evidence on the Role of Energy Cooperatives for the Energy Transition in European Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-25, September.
    39. Alessandro Danovi & Francesca Magno & Giovanna Dossena, 2018. "Pursuing Firm Economic Sustainability through Debt Restructuring Agreements in Italy: An Empirical Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-10, December.
    40. Pao-Yu Oei & Hanna Brauers & Philipp Herpich, 2020. "Lessons from Germany’s hard coal mining phase-out: policies and transition from 1950 to 2018," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(8), pages 963-979, September.
    41. Barbara Kryk & Małgorzata Klaudia Guzowska, 2021. "Implementation of Climate/Energy Targets of the Europe 2020 Strategy by the EU Member States," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-18, May.
    42. Jarosław Kaczmarek, 2022. "The Balance of Outlays and Effects of Restructuring Hard Coal Mining Companies in Terms of Energy Policy of Poland PEP 2040," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-30, March.
    43. Jonek Kowalska, Izabela, 2015. "Challenges for long-term industry restructuring in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin: What has Polish coal mining achieved and failed from a twenty-year perspective?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 135-149.
    44. Li-Hsing Ho & Chen-Cheng Tsai, 2018. "A Model Constructed to Evaluate Sustainable Operation and Development of State-Owned Enterprises after Restructuring," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-11, July.
    45. Rodrigues, João F.D. & Wang, Juan & Behrens, Paul & de Boer, Paul, 2020. "Drivers of CO2 emissions from electricity generation in the European Union 2000–2015," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Beata Sadowska & Magdalena Wójcik-Jurkiewicz & Grzegorz Zimon & Adam Lulek & Nina Stępnicka & Robert Walasek, 2023. "The Business Model in Energy Sector Reporting—A Case Study from Poland: A Pilot Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Katarzyna Tobór-Osadnik & Bożena Gajdzik & Grzegorz Strzelec, 2023. "Configurational Path of Decarbonisation Based on Coal Mine Methane (CMM): An Econometric Model for the Polish Mining Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-16, June.
    3. Mariusz Zieliński & Małgorzata Adamska, 2022. "ESG Assessment from the Perspective of the Management Board and Trade Unions on the Example of the Opole Power Plant," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-21, October.
    4. Zhao, Chuandang & Xu, Jiuping & Wang, Fengjuan, 2025. "Industrial prosumption-based energy transition technologies investigation for wastewater sector," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
    5. Arkadiusz Piwowar & Maciej Dzikuć, 2022. "Water Energy in Poland in the Context of Sustainable Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-13, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jarosław Kaczmarek, 2022. "The Balance of Outlays and Effects of Restructuring Hard Coal Mining Companies in Terms of Energy Policy of Poland PEP 2040," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-30, March.
    2. Eicher, Theo S. & Schreiber, Till, 2010. "Structural policies and growth: Time series evidence from a natural experiment," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(1), pages 169-179, January.
    3. Катышев П.К. & Полтерович В.М., 2006. "Политика Реформ, Начальные Условия И Трансформационный Спад," Журнал Экономика и математические методы (ЭММ), Центральный Экономико-Математический Институт (ЦЭМИ), vol. 42(4), октябрь.
    4. Robbie Mochrie, 2000. "An Appraisal of Debt Relief for Poor Countries," CERT Discussion Papers 0005, Centre for Economic Reform and Transformation, Heriot Watt University.
    5. Richard Auty, 2003. "Natural resources and ‘gradual’ reform in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 27(4), pages 255-266, November.
    6. Dalibor Roháč, 2013. "What Are the Lessons from Post-Communist Transitions?," Economic Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(1), pages 65-77, February.
    7. Bruno Merlevede, 2003. "Reform reversals and output growth in transition economies," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 11(4), pages 649-669, December.
    8. Bo??tjan Jazbec, 2002. "Real Exchange Rates in Transition Economies," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 482, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.
    9. Wyplosz, Charles, 2000. "Ten years of transformation - macroeconomic lessons," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2288, The World Bank.
    10. Agnieszka Mazurek-Czarnecka & Ksymena Rosiek & Marcin Salamaga & Krzysztof Wąsowicz & Renata Żaba-Nieroda, 2022. "Study on Support Mechanisms for Renewable Energy Sources in Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-38, June.
    11. János Gács, 1999. "Teilprojekt 2: Macroeconomic Developments in the Candidate Countries with Respect to the Accession Process," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 13584, June.
    12. Thorsten Beck & Luc Laeven, 2006. "Institution building and growth in transition economies," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 11(2), pages 157-186, June.
    13. Marco Capasso & Marina Rybalka, 2022. "Innovation Pattern Heterogeneity: Data-Driven Retrieval of Firms’ Approaches to Innovation," Businesses, MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-28, March.
    14. Alessandro Nuvolari & Emanuele Russo, 2019. "Technical progress and structural change: a long-term view," LEM Papers Series 2019/17, Laboratory of Economics and Management (LEM), Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
    15. Nauro F. Campos & Abrizio Coricelli, 2002. "Growth in Transition: What We Know, What We Don't, and What We Should," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 40(3), pages 793-836, September.
    16. Anna Manowska & Anna Bluszcz, 2022. "Forecasting Crude Oil Consumption in Poland Based on LSTM Recurrent Neural Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-23, July.
    17. Marek Dabrowski & Oleksandr Rohozynsky & Irina Sinitsina, 2004. "Post-Adaptation Growth Recovery in Poland and Russia - Similarities and Differences," CASE Network Studies and Analyses 0280, CASE-Center for Social and Economic Research.
    18. Fischer, Stanley & Sahay, Ratna & Vegh, Carlos, 1998. "From transition to market: Evidence and growth prospects," MPRA Paper 20615, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. repec:lic:licosd:14404 is not listed on IDEAS
    20. Lawrence P. King, 2003. "Explaining Postcommunist Economic Performance," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 2003-559, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan.
    21. Malec, Marcin, 2022. "The prospects for decarbonisation in the context of reported resources and energy policy goals: The case of Poland," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:10:p:3518-:d:813579. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.