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Cash transfer and a psychological intervention: Impact on alcohol outcomes and household welfare in India

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  • Ejima, Joseph Ugbede
  • Kumar, Parmod
  • Subramanian, Arjunan

Abstract

This study uses a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to examine the short-term effects of an alcohol remission program in rural Punjab, India. Participants were assigned to one of four experimental groups: (i) daily vouchers for 30 days, (ii) five psychological counselling sessions, (iii) a combination of both, or (iv) a control group. We evaluated the impact of these treatments on alcohol consumption, household welfare, and psychological well-being. Results indicate that psychological counselling significantly reduced alcohol consumption and improved psychological well-being and household welfare. However, when combined with unconditional cash transfers, the effectiveness of psychological counselling diminished, resulting in a null effect on alcohol consumption. This paradox suggests that while psychological interventions foster self-regulation and behavioural change, introducing cash transfers may weaken intrinsic motivation or enable unintended spending patterns.

Suggested Citation

  • Ejima, Joseph Ugbede & Kumar, Parmod & Subramanian, Arjunan, 2025. "Cash transfer and a psychological intervention: Impact on alcohol outcomes and household welfare in India," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 382(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:382:y:2025:i:c:s0277953625006896
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118358
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