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Fails-to-deliver, short selling, and market quality

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  • Fotak, Veljko
  • Raman, Vikas
  • Yadav, Pradeep K.

Abstract

We investigate the aggregate market quality impact of equity shares that fail to deliver (hereafter “FTDs”). For a sample of 1,492 NYSE stocks over a 42-month period from 2005 to 2008, greater FTDs lead to higher liquidity and pricing efficiency, and their impact is similar to our estimate of delivered short sales. Furthermore, during the operative period of a Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) order mandating stock borrowing prior to short sales, the securities affected display relatively lower liquidity and higher pricing errors. Finally, we do not find any evidence that FTDs caused price distortions or the failure of financial firms during the 2008 financial crisis.

Suggested Citation

  • Fotak, Veljko & Raman, Vikas & Yadav, Pradeep K., 2014. "Fails-to-deliver, short selling, and market quality," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 114(3), pages 493-516.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jfinec:v:114:y:2014:i:3:p:493-516
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jfineco.2014.07.012
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    2. Shrestha, Keshab & Philip, Sheena & Peranginangin, Yessy, 2020. "Contributions of Crude Oil Exchange Traded Funds in Price Discovery Process," American Business Review, Pompea College of Business, University of New Haven, vol. 23(2), pages 393-407, November.
    3. Boulton, Thomas J. & Braga-Alves, Marcus V., 2020. "Price stabilization, short selling, and IPO secondary market liquidity," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 278-291.
    4. Jean-Sébastien Fontaine & James Pinnington & Adrian Walton, 2017. "What Drives Episodes of Settlement Fails in the Government of Canada Bond Market?," Staff Working Papers 17-54, Bank of Canada.
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    6. Fos, Vyacheslav & Appel, Ian & Bulka, Jordan, 2019. "Active Short Selling by Hedge Funds," CEPR Discussion Papers 13788, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    7. Archana Jain & Chinmay Jain, 2015. "Fails-to-Deliver before and after the Implementation of Rule 203 and Rule 204," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 50(4), pages 611-636, November.
    8. Corradin, Stefano & Maddaloni, Angela, 2020. "The importance of being special: Repo markets during the crisis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(2), pages 392-429.
    9. Hans Degryse & Mark Van Achter & Gunther Wuyts, 2022. "Plumbing of Securities Markets: The Impact of Post-trade Fees on Trading and Welfare," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(1), pages 635-653, January.
    10. Laurence J. Kotlikoff, 2018. "The Big Con – Reassessing the "Great" Recession and its "Fix"," Boston University - Department of Economics - The Institute for Economic Development Working Papers Series dp-311, Boston University - Department of Economics.
    11. Mariana Khapko & Marius Zoican, 2020. "How Fast Should Trades Settle?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 66(10), pages 4573-4593, October.
    12. Zhang, Wei & Huang, Ke & Feng, Xu & Zhang, Yongjie, 2017. "Market maker competition and price efficiency: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 121-131.
    13. Bae, Kyounghun & Kim, Daejin, 2020. "Liquidity risk and exchange-traded fund returns, variances, and tracking errors," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 138(1), pages 222-253.
    14. Hung, Pi-Hsia & Lien, Donald, 2019. "Trading aggressiveness, order execution quality, and stock price movements: Evidence from the Taiwan stock exchange," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 231-251.
    15. Gurrola-Perez, Pedro & He, Jieshuang & Harper, Gary, 2019. "Securities settlement fails network and buy‑in strategies," Bank of England working papers 821, Bank of England.
    16. Laurence J. Kotlikoff, 2018. "The Big Con – Reassessing the "Great" Recession and its "Fix"," NBER Working Papers 25213, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. Jean-Sébastien Fontaine & Adrian Walton, 2020. "Contagion in Dealer Networks," Staff Working Papers 20-1, Bank of Canada.
    18. Xiong Xiong & Ya Gao & Xu Feng, 2017. "Successive short‐selling ban lifts and gradual price efficiency: evidence from China," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 57(5), pages 1557-1604, December.
    19. Stratmann, Thomas & Welborn, John W., 2016. "Informed short selling, fails-to-deliver, and abnormal returns," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(PA), pages 81-102.
    20. Panos N. Patatoukas & Richard G. Sloan & Annika Yu Wang, 2022. "Valuation Uncertainty and Short-Sales Constraints: Evidence from the IPO Aftermarket," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(1), pages 608-634, January.
    21. Jeffrey R. Black, 2022. "The impact of make-take fees on market efficiency," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 58(3), pages 1015-1035, April.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Naked short selling; Short selling; Failure to deliver;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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