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The impact of cross-border mergers and acquisitions on the acquirers' R&D — Firm-level evidence

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  • Stiebale, Joel

Abstract

This paper provides empirical evidence on the relationship between cross-border acquisitions and innovation activities of the acquirer. For the empirical analysis a unique firm-level data set is constructed that combines survey data for German firms with a merger and acquisition database. After a cross-border acquisition, investing firms display a higher rate of domestic expenditures for research and development. Controlling for endogeneity of foreign acquisitions by estimating a two-equation system with limited dependent variables and applying instrumental variable techniques it is found that part of this correlation stems from a causal effect. The estimated effects are robust towards alternative identification strategies and are higher in industries with high knowledge intensity. The analysis is complemented by an investigation of the effects on tangible investment spending and by a comparison of the effects of cross-border acquisitions to those of greenfield foreign direct investments and domestic acquisitions.

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  • Stiebale, Joel, 2013. "The impact of cross-border mergers and acquisitions on the acquirers' R&D — Firm-level evidence," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 307-321.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:indorg:v:31:y:2013:i:4:p:307-321
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2013.04.005
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    2. Mariana Spatareanu, 2023. "Acquiring Innovation - Do Chinese acquisitions in developed countries spur innovation at home?," Working Papers Rutgers University, Newark 2023-002, Department of Economics, Rutgers University, Newark.
    3. Arijit Mukherjee & Umut Erksan Senalp, 2021. "Firm‐productivity and cross border merger," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(4), pages 838-859, September.
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    5. Stiebale, Joel, 2016. "Cross-border M&As and innovative activity of acquiring and target firms," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 1-15.
    6. Qiao, Lu & Dong, Weijia & Lv, Xin, 2023. "The heterogeneous impacts of M&As on renewable energy firms’ innovation: Comparative analysis of China, the US and EU," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 306-323.
    7. Reddy, Kotapati Srinivasa, 2015. "Determinants of Cross-border Mergers and Acquisitions: A Comprehensive Review and Future Direction," MPRA Paper 63969, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2015.
    8. Basant, Rakesh & Jaiswal, Neha, 2022. "Impact of Mergers and Acquisitions on Innovation: Evidence from a Panel of Indian Pharmaceutical Firms," IIMA Working Papers WP 2022-01-01, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department.
    9. Szücs, Florian, 2014. "M&A and R&D: Asymmetric Effects on acquirers and targets?," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(7), pages 1264-1273.
    10. Howell, Anthony & Lin, Jia & Worack, Stephan, 2020. "Going out to innovate more at home: Impacts of outward direct investments on Chinese firms' domestic innovation performance," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 60(C).
    11. Holz, Michael & Nielen, Sebastian & Paschke, Max & Schröder, Christian & Wolter, Hans-Jürgen, 2016. "Globale Vernetzung, Kooperation und Wertschöpfung im Mittelstand," IfM-Materialien 252, Institut für Mittelstandsforschung (IfM) Bonn.
    12. Pan, Xiongfeng & Li, Mengna & Wang, Mengyang & Chu, Junhui & Bo, Hongguang, 2020. "The effects of outward foreign direct investment and reverse technology spillover on China's carbon productivity," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    13. Reddy, Kotapati Srinivasa, 2015. "Extant Reviews on Entry-mode/Internationalization, Mergers & Acquisitions, and Diversification: Understanding Theories and Establishing Interdisciplinary Research," MPRA Paper 63744, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 2015.
    14. Chen, Victor Zitian & Shapiro, Daniel M. & Li, Jing, 2022. "Cross-border acquisitions and R&D: Unpacking the impact on acquirers and targets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 47(PB).
    15. Shuwaikh, Fatima & Dubocage, Emmanuelle, 2022. "Access to the Corporate Investors' Complementary Resources: A Leverage for Innovation in Biotech Venture Capital-Backed Companies," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 175(C).
    16. Lorena D’Agostino, 2015. "The neglected effects of R&D captive offshoring in emerging countries on the creation of knowledge at home," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 42(1), pages 61-91, March.
    17. Cammarano, Antonello & Michelino, Francesca & Lamberti, Emilia & Caputo, Mauro, 2017. "Accumulated stock of knowledge and current search practices: The impact on patent quality," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 204-222.
    18. Bennato, Anna Rita & Davies, Stephen & Mariuzzo, Franco & Ormosi, Peter, 2021. "Mergers and innovation: Evidence from the hard disk drive market," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    19. Damien Neven & Vilen Lipatov & Gregor Langus, 2014. "European champions and competition enforcement:Is DG COMP in ideological denial?," IHEID Working Papers 15-2014, Economics Section, The Graduate Institute of International Studies.
    20. Chunhuan Xiao & Ziyin Zhuang & Amei Feng, 2021. "OFDI Entry Modes and Firms’ Innovation: Evidence from Chinese A-Share Listed Firms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-17, July.
    21. Diego Useche & Ernest Miguelez & Francesco Lissoni, 2019. "Highly skilled and well connected: Migrant inventors in cross-border M&As," Post-Print halshs-02024499, HAL.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Multinational enterprises; Mergers and acquisitions; Innovation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D21 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Theory
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • C31 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models; Quantile Regressions; Social Interaction Models
    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes

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