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Offshore operations and bank loan contracting: Evidence from firms that set up subsidiaries in offshore financial centers

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  • Ge, Wenxia
  • Kim, Jeong-Bon
  • Li, Tiemei
  • Li, Yutao

Abstract

We examine the effects of a multinational firm's subsidiary operations in offshore financial centers (OFCs) on bank loan contracting terms. Using a propensity score matched cross-country sample of firms with and without OFC subsidiaries, we find that firms with OFC subsidiaries receive less favorable loan terms than firms without OFC subsidiaries. The results from a difference-in-differences analysis and an analysis of a firm's mutation from a non-OFC firm to an OFC firm support the causal effect of offshore operations on the unfavorable loan terms. Furthermore, focusing on firms with OFC subsidiaries, we find that the intensity of offshore operations affects loan terms unfavorably. We also find that the unfavorable effect is more pronounced for more opaque firms and for firms that are headquartered in countries or jurisdictions with weaker legal enforcement. Our findings indicate that banks view offshore operations of borrowers as a credit risk-increasing factor.

Suggested Citation

  • Ge, Wenxia & Kim, Jeong-Bon & Li, Tiemei & Li, Yutao, 2016. "Offshore operations and bank loan contracting: Evidence from firms that set up subsidiaries in offshore financial centers," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C), pages 335-355.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:corfin:v:37:y:2016:i:c:p:335-355
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2016.01.006
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    Cited by:

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    2. D. G. DeBoskey & Yutao Li & Gerald J. Lobo & Yan Luo, 2021. "Corporate political transparency and the cost of debt," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 111-145, July.
    3. Wenxia Ge & Jeong-Bon Kim & Tiemei Li & Jing Zhang, 2022. "Subsidiary operations in offshore financial centers and bank risk-taking: International evidence," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 53(2), pages 268-301, March.
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    5. Ge, Wenxia & Kim, Jeong-Bon & Li, Tiemei & Li, Yutao, 2018. "Operations in offshore financial centers and loan syndicate structure," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 157-180.
    6. Lihui Wang & Zhihong Liu & Huailong Shi, 2022. "The Impact of the Pilot Free Trade Zone on Regional Financial Development," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 30(5), pages 154-184, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Offshore operation; Offshore financial center; Loan contracting; Information risk; Agency problem; Legal enforcement;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F34 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Lending and Debt Problems
    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • K22 - Law and Economics - - Regulation and Business Law - - - Business and Securities Law

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