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Do shareholder agreements affect market valuation?

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  • Carvalhal, Andre

Abstract

Shareholder agreements are contracts that govern the relationship among different shareholders in a firm. This article uses a unique dataset to analyze shareholder agreements in listed companies and shows how they affect firm valuation. While shareholder agreements may be used to expropriate value from non-controlling investors, they can also mitigate conflicts of interest and protect minority shareholders. The analysis of a broad time-series and cross-section of Brazilian listed firms provides evidence that the latter effect dominates. We build a shareholder agreement index in order to measure on a firm-level basis the degree of investor protection granted by shareholder agreements. Companies with shareholder agreements have higher valuation and the degree of investor protection granted by shareholder agreements is positively related to firm value, even after controlling for the endogeneity of the firm's decision to adopt shareholder agreements.

Suggested Citation

  • Carvalhal, Andre, 2012. "Do shareholder agreements affect market valuation?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 18(4), pages 919-933.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:corfin:v:18:y:2012:i:4:p:919-933
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2012.04.003
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    2. Ricardo Pereira Câmara Leal & André L. Carvalhal & Ana Paula Iervolino, 2015. "One Decade of Evolution of Corporate Governance Practices in Brazil," Brazilian Review of Finance, Brazilian Society of Finance, vol. 13(1), pages 134-161.
    3. Binz Astrachan, Claudia & Astrachan, Joseph H. & Kotlar, Josip & Michiels, Anneleen, 2021. "Addressing the theory-practice divide in family business research: The case of shareholder agreements," Journal of Family Business Strategy, Elsevier, vol. 12(1).
    4. Lélis Pedro Andrade & Aureliano Angel Bressan & Robert Aldo Iquiapaza, 2017. "Dual class shares, board of directors’ effectiveness and firm’s market value: an empirical study," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 21(4), pages 1053-1092, December.
    5. Vicente Lima Crisóstomo & Priscila Azevedo Prudêncio & Isac Freitas Brandão, 2023. "Corporate Reputation in Brazil: The Effects of the Shareholding Control Configuration, Corporate Governance, and Corporate Social Responsibility," Corporate Reputation Review, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 26(4), pages 243-263, November.
    6. Andre Leonardo Pruner da Silva & Jeferson Lana & Rosilene Marcon, 2018. "Agreeing and Impacting: The Effect of the Shareholders' Agreement on Firms' Market Value," Brazilian Business Review, Fucape Business School, vol. 15(1), pages 88-104, January.
    7. Marta Leite Collares, 2020. "Corporate Governance: A Major Factor in Shareholder Activism in Brazil," RAC - Revista de Administração Contemporânea (Journal of Contemporary Administration), ANPAD - Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Administração, vol. 24(5), pages 414-431.
    8. Flávia S. Maranho & Patrícia M. Bortolon & Ricardo P. C. Leal, 2020. "The firm–investor level characteristics of institutional investor engagement in Brazil," International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 17(4), pages 267-281, December.
    9. Sara Saggese, 2016. "Examining the Relationship between Disproportional Ownership Mechanisms and Company Performance: An Empirical Research," International Business Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(11), pages 70-82, November.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Shareholder agreements; Corporate governance; Firm valuation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance

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