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The Next Steps in CAP Reform Les prochaines étapes de la réforme de la PAC Die nächsten Schritte in der Reform der GAP

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  • Allan Buckwell

Abstract

The Next Steps in CAP Reform Both Pillars of Europe's Common Agricultural Policy have been thoroughly overhauled in the period 2003 to 2007. By far the most important aspect of these reforms is the decoupling of the main support instrument of the CAP ‐ the Single Payment. This removes the bulk of EU farm support into the non‐production and trade distorting Green Box of the WTO. Despite these far‐reaching changes, discussions are already underway for further CAP reforms both before 2013 in what is being called the CAP Health Check, and certainly thereafter as all EU policies and resources are to be reviewed in 2009. This article discusses the possible contents of such reforms and focuses on three main areas. Firstly, the downscaling of commodity supports, particularly the use of intervention purchases to raise domestic prices and their replacement with the Single Payment System. Secondly, replacement of the existing variety of Single Payment Schemes with a more harmonised scheme. Thirdly, the prospects for changing the balance between Pillars I and II of the CAP Finally, there is consideration of the prospects for reform of the CAP beyond 2013 towards what nowadays might be called Europe's Food and Environmental Security Policy, to deal with all the missing, imperfect and failing market issues affecting land use. Au cours de la période 2003‐2007, les deux piliers de la PAC ont fait l'objet d'un sérieux toilettage. Le découplage des principaux instruments de la PAC ‐ le paiement unique‐ aura été de très loin la plus importante de ces réformes. Ansi, les mesures européennes de soutien aux agriculteurs sont pour l'essentiel replacées dans la « boite verte » de l'OMC, de celles qui n'affectent ni la production ni le commerce international. En dépit de ces avancées considérables, on discute encore de nouvelles réformes de la PAC, à la fois pour avant 2013, dans le cadre de ce qui est connu sous le nom de « contrôle de santé» et pour après, puisque l'ensemble des politiques européennes et de leurs ressources doit faire l'objet d'un examen en 2009. Dans cet article, on examine le contenu possible de ces réformes dans trois principaux domaines: d'abord, la réduction des soutiens aux produits, en particulier les achats d'intervention destinés à relever les prix, à remplacer par le paiement unique; en second lieu, le remplacement de la grande variété de systèmes de paiements uniques par un seul, mieux harmonisé; en troisième lieu, la possibilité de modifi er l'équilibre entre le premier et le second pilier de la PAC; enfi n, on termine par quelques considérations sur ce que pourrait être la poursuite des réformes de la PAC après 2013, vers ce que l'on pourrait appeler la politique de sécurité alimentaire et environnementale européenne, et qui devrait s'attaquer aux questions liées à l'imperfection, l'incomplétude, ou l'absence des marchés susceptibles d'affecter l'occupation du territoire. Beide Säulen der europäischen Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik sind in den Jahren 2003 bis 2007 gründlich überarbeitet worden. Der bei weitem bedeutsamste Aspekt dieser Reformen stellt die Entkopplung des wichtigsten Stützungsinstruments der GAP dar ‐ der Einheitlichen Betriebsprämie. Dies verlagert den Großteil der EU‐Agrarstützung in die weder Produktion noch Handel verzerrende Green Box der WTO. Trotz dieser weit reichenden Veränderungen sind die Diskussionen im Rahmen des sogenannten Health Check für die GAP über weitere Reformen der GAP bereits vor 2013 im Gange, und sicherlich auch danach, weil alle Politiken und Ressourcen 2009 auf den Prüfstand gestellt werden. Dieser Beitrag erläutert mögliche Inhalte solcher Reformen und konzentriert sich auf drei Hauptbereiche. Erstens: Die Abwertung der Produktstützung, insbesondere die Ausübung von Interventionskäufen zur Erhöhung der Inlandspreise, das durch Einheitliche Betriebsprämien ersetzt werden soll. Zweitens: Das Ersetzen der zahlreichen vorhandenen Modelle für die Einheitliche Betriebsprämie durch ein vereinheitlichtes Modell. Drittens: Die Perspektiven für die Änderung in der Balance zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Säule der GAP Zum Abschluss werden die Aussichten für eine Reform der GAP nach 2013 in Richtung einer möglicherweise heute als Europäische Politik für die Nahrungsmittel‐und Umweltsicherheit zu bezeichnenden Politik erwogen, die alle fehlenden oder unvollkommenen Märkte oder Marktversagen mit Bezug zur Landnutzung behandelt.

Suggested Citation

  • Allan Buckwell, 2007. "The Next Steps in CAP Reform Les prochaines étapes de la réforme de la PAC Die nächsten Schritte in der Reform der GAP," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 6(2), pages 13-19, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:6:y:2007:i:2:p:13-19
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1746-692X.2007.00058.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Oecd, 2006. "Decoupling: Policy Implications," OECD Papers, OECD Publishing, vol. 5(11), pages 1-29.
    2. Juha Korkeaoja, 2006. "Our Common European Model of Agriculture," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 5(3), pages 06-12, December.
    3. Rob Ackrill & Adrian Kay & David Harvey, 2006. "The EU Budget and the CAP: An Agenda for the Review?," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 5(3), pages 20-25, December.
    4. Thia Hennessy & Fiona Thorne, 2005. "How Decoupled Are Decoupled Payments? The Evidence from Ireland," Working Papers 0501, Rural Economy and Development Programme,Teagasc.
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    1. Carl GAIGNÉ & Cathie LAROCHE DUPRAZ & Alan MATTHEWS, 2015. "Thirty years of European research on international trade in food and agricultural products," Review of Agricultural and Environmental Studies - Revue d'Etudes en Agriculture et Environnement, INRA Department of Economics, vol. 96(1), pages 91-130.
    2. Erjavec, Emil & Chantreuil, Frédéric & Hanrahan, Kevin & Donnellan, Trevor & Salputra, Guna & Kozar, Maja & van Leeuwen, Myrna, 2011. "Policy assessment of an EU wide flat area CAP payments system," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 1550-1558, July.
    3. Katona-Kovacs, Judit, 2008. "Analysis of agri-environmental measures in Hungary – a regional perspective," Studies in Agricultural Economics, Research Institute for Agricultural Economics, vol. 107, pages 1-18, March.
    4. Erjavec, E. & Salputra, Guna, 2011. "Could The Radical Changes Of Direct Payments Policy Destroy Agricultural Markets In The Eu New Member States?," Economics of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Economics, vol. 58(1).
    5. Erjavec, Karmen & Erjavec, Emil, 2009. "Changing EU agricultural policy discourses? The discourse analysis of Commissioner's speeches 2000-2007," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 218-226, April.
    6. Karine Daniel & Maureen Kilkenny, 2009. "Agricultural Subsidies and Rural Development," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 60(3), pages 504-529, September.

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