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Do consumers care about clean labels? Willingness to pay for simple ingredient lists and front‐of‐package labels on beef and plant‐based burgers

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  • Darnell Holt
  • Peter Slade
  • Jill Hobbs

Abstract

We use an online hypothetical discrete choice experiment to examine willingness to pay for two dimensions of a clean label: simple ingredient lists and front‐of‐package labels. Experimental subjects were asked to choose between beef burgers, plant‐based burgers, and hybrid burgers made with beef and plant protein. The burgers had either a simple or complex ingredient list and could also be labeled as organic or an excellent source of protein. Subjects were divided into two treatments: a treatment in which ingredient lists were always visible, and a treatment in which the ingredient lists were only visible if subjects clicked on the product image (click treatment). Subjects were willing to pay a premium of $4.55–$5.58 for products with simple ingredient lists in the visible ingredient treatment (relative to base prices of $5.00 to $12.50). This premium was reduced to $1.82–$2.29 in the click treatment. Willingness to pay for the organic and excellent source of protein labels was considerably lower and was generally insignificant, ranging from ‐$0.17 (and statistically insignificant) to $0.73. Willingness to pay for simple ingredient lists and front‐of‐package labels were not correlated, suggesting that demand for these attributes does not stem from an underlying preference for clean labels. Nous utilisons une expérience de choix discret hypothétique en ligne pour examiner la volonté de payer pour deux dimensions d'étiquetage: Une liste d'ingrédients simples et des étiquettes sur le devant de l'emballage. Les sujets de l'expérience ont été invités à choisir entre des hamburgers au bœuf, des hamburgers à base de plantes et des hamburgers hybrides à base de bœuf et de protéines végétales. Les hamburgers avaient une liste d'ingrédients simple ou complexe et pouvaient également être étiquetés comme biologiques ou comme excellente source de protéines. Les sujets ont été divisés en deux traitements: un traitement dans lequel les listes d'ingrédients étaient toujours visibles et un traitement dans lequel les listes d'ingrédients n'étaient visibles que si les sujets cliquaient sur l'image du produit (traitement par clic). Les sujets étaient prêts à payer un supplément de 4,55 à 5,58 dollars pour des produits comportant des listes d'ingrédients simples dans le traitement à ingrédients visibles (par rapport aux prix de base de 5,00 à 12,50 dollars). Cette prime a été réduite à 1,82$ ‐ 2,29$ dans le traitement des clics. La volonté de payer pour les étiquettes de source biologique et d'excellente source de protéines était considérablement plus faible et était généralement insignifiante, allant de −0,17$ (et statistiquement insignifiant) à 0,73$. La volonté de payer pour des listes d'ingrédients simples et des étiquettes sur le devant de l'emballage n'était pas corrélée, ce qui suggère que la demande pour ces attributs ne découle pas d'une préférence sous‐jacente d'étiquetage.

Suggested Citation

  • Darnell Holt & Peter Slade & Jill Hobbs, 2024. "Do consumers care about clean labels? Willingness to pay for simple ingredient lists and front‐of‐package labels on beef and plant‐based burgers," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 72(1), pages 5-21, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:canjag:v:72:y:2024:i:1:p:5-21
    DOI: 10.1111/cjag.12346
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