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Should I Use Fixed or Random Effects?

Citations

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Cited by:

  1. Gilding, Michael & Brennecke, Julia & Bunton, Vikki & Lusher, Dean & Molloy, Peter L. & Codoreanu, Alex, 2020. "Network failure: Biotechnology firms, clusters and collaborations far from the world superclusters," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 49(2).
  2. Peter M. Schwarz & Craig A. Depken II & Michael W. Herron & Benjamin J. Correlf, 2021. "ENERGY STAR Appliance Market Shares: Do They Respond to Electricity Prices, and Does It Matter?," The Energy Journal, , vol. 42(4), pages 253-266, July.
  3. Cattaneo, Mattia & Malighetti, Paolo & Paleari, Stefano & Redondi, Renato, 2016. "The role of the air transport service in interregional long-distance students’ mobility in Italy," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 66-82.
  4. Odeck, James & Høyem, Harald, 2021. "The impact of competitive tendering on operational costs and market concentration in public transport: The Norwegian car ferry services," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
  5. Yang, Mian & Yang, Fuxia & Sun, Chuanwang, 2018. "Factor market distortion correction, resource reallocation and potential productivity gains: An empirical study on China's heavy industry sector," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 270-279.
  6. Strauss, Ilan & Yang, Jangho, 2024. "Testing for secular stagnation in investment rates using a Bayesian multilevel model," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 351-364.
  7. Tuan, Truong Anh & Nam, Pham Khanh & Loan, Le Thanh, 2022. "The impact of health insurance on households’ financial choices: Evidence from Vietnam," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(3), pages 264-276.
  8. Daniel Blaustein-Rejto & Nicole Soltis & Linus Blomqvist, 2023. "Carbon opportunity cost increases carbon footprint advantage of grain-finished beef," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(12), pages 1-14, December.
  9. Wen, Xin & Cheng, Zhiming & Tani, Massimiliano, 2025. "Daughters, Savings and Household Finances," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
  10. Heidi Jane M. Smith & Allyson Lucinda Benton, 2017. "The Role of Metropolitan Cooperation and Administrative Capacity in Subnational Debt Dynamics: Evidence From Municipal Mexico," Public Budgeting & Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(2), pages 58-82, June.
  11. Abubakar, Jamila & Aysan, Ahmet F. & Disli, Mustafa, 2025. "(Un)risky commitments," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
  12. Wu, Bingyu & Levinson, David M., 2024. "A multi-modal analysis of the effect of transport on population and productivity in China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
  13. Desbordes, Rodolphe & Koop, Gary & Vicard, Vincent, 2018. "One size does not fit all… panel data: Bayesian model averaging and data poolability," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 364-376.
  14. Fenton Villar, Paul, 2020. "The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) and trust in politicians," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
  15. Shi, Xing & Zeng, Yujie & Wu, Yanrui & Wang, Shuai, 2023. "Outward foreign direct investment and green innovation in Chinese multinational companies," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(5).
  16. Wang, Haining & Smyth, Russell & Cheng, Zhiming, 2017. "The economic returns to proficiency in English in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 91-104.
  17. Bourdeau-Brien, Michael & Kryzanowski, Lawrence, 2019. "Municipal financing costs following disasters," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 48-64.
  18. Odolinski, Kristofer & Smith, Andrew & Wheat, Phill & Nilsson, Jan-Eric & Dheilly, Clement, 2023. "Damage or no damage from traffic: Re-examining marginal cost pricing for rail signalling maintenance," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 13-21.
  19. Chatoro, Marian & Mitra, Sovan & Pantelous, Athanasios A. & Shao, Jia, 2023. "Catastrophe bond pricing in the primary market: The issuer effect and pricing factors," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
  20. Gustavo Adolfo Caballero Orozco, 2016. "Luck and Effort: Learning about Income from Friends and Neighbors," 2016 Papers pca706, Job Market Papers.
  21. Victor Asal & Justin Conrad & Nathan Toronto, 2017. "I Want You! The Determinants of Military Conscription," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 61(7), pages 1456-1481, August.
  22. Tilov, Ivan & Weber, Sylvain, 2023. "Heterogeneity in price elasticity of vehicle kilometers traveled: Evidence from micro-level panel data," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(PA).
  23. Nusrat Jahan & Sujan Chandra Paul, 2021. "Determinants of FDI inflows to Next 11 countries: A panel data analysis," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 10(6), pages 159-165, September.
  24. Cui, Victor & Ding, Waverly W. & Yanadori, Yoshio, 2019. "Exploration versus exploitation in technology firms: The role of compensation structure for R&D workforce," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 48(6), pages 1534-1549.
  25. Abdelzaher, Dina M. & Martynov, Aleksey & Abdel Zaher, Angie M., 2020. "Vulnerability to climate change: Are innovative countries in a better position?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
  26. Yhlas SOVBETOV, 2019. "Phillips Curve Estimation During Tranquil and Recessionary Periods: Evidence From Panel Analysis," Istanbul Journal of Economics-Istanbul Iktisat Dergisi, Istanbul University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 69(1), pages 23-41, June.
  27. Song, Jiangyu & Zhou, Suhong & Kwan, Mei-Po & Song, Guangwen & Long, Jinying & Song, Wanying, 2025. "The time-lagged effect of noise exposure on noise annoyance: The role of temporal, spatial and social contexts," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 368(C).
  28. Gupta, Ranjan Das & Deb, Soumya G., 2023. "Interlinkage between corporate social, environmental performance and financial performance: Firm-mediators in a multi-country context," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
  29. Brian Blankenship, 2018. "When Do States Take the Bait? State Capacity and the Provocation Logic of Terrorism," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 62(2), pages 381-409, February.
  30. Liang, Xinning & Liu, Anita M.M., 2018. "The evolution of government sponsored collaboration network and its impact on innovation: A bibliometric analysis in the Chinese solar PV sector," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(7), pages 1295-1308.
  31. Ali Habibnia & Jonathan Gendron, 2025. "Evaluating Meta-Regression Techniques: A Simulation Study on Heterogeneity in Location and Time," Papers 2504.16696, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2025.
  32. Anselm Komla Abotsi, 2018. "Influence of Governance Indicators on Illicit Financial Outflow from Developing Countries," Contemporary Economics, Vizja University, vol. 12(2), June.
  33. Davis Brown & Patrick James, 2018. "The Religious Characteristics of States," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 62(6), pages 1340-1376, July.
  34. Lin Zhang & Philip Kofi Adom, 2018. "Energy Efficiency Transitions in China: How Persistent are the Movements to/from the Frontier?," The Energy Journal, , vol. 39(6), pages 147-170, November.
  35. James, Hui L., 2023. "Social capital and the riskiness of trade credit," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
  36. Yue, Jiahua & Zhou, Shangsi, 2018. "Democracy’s comparative advantage: Evidence from aggregated trade data, 1962–2010," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 27-40.
  37. Aabo, Tom & Jacobsen, Mikkel Lilholt & Stendys, Kasper, 2022. "Pay me with fame, not mammon: CEO narcissism, compensation, and media coverage," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 46(PB).
  38. Laura Márquez-Ramos, 2016. "Regionalism, subnational variation and gravity: A four-country tale," INVESTIGACIONES REGIONALES - Journal of REGIONAL RESEARCH, Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional, issue 35, pages 7-36.
  39. Kolcava, Dennis & Nguyen, Quynh & Bernauer, Thomas, 2019. "Does trade liberalization lead to environmental burden shifting in the global economy?," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 98-112.
  40. Jacques, Olivier & Noël, Alain, 2022. "The politics of public health investments," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 309(C).
  41. Azam, Muhammad, 2016. "Does environmental degradation shackle economic growth? A panel data investigation on 11 Asian countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 175-182.
  42. Karen Ruckman & Ian McCarthy, 2017. "Why do some patents get licensed while others do not?," Industrial and Corporate Change, Oxford University Press and the Associazione ICC, vol. 26(4), pages 667-688.
  43. Elizabeth Fussell & Sara R. Curran & Matthew D. Dunbar & Michael A. Babb & Luanne Thompson & Jacqueline Meijer-Irons, 2017. "Weather-Related Hazards and Population Change," The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, , vol. 669(1), pages 146-167, January.
  44. Marson, Marta & Savin, Ivan, 2015. "Ensuring Sustainable Access to Drinking Water in Sub Saharan Africa: Conflict Between Financial and Social Objectives," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 26-39.
  45. Mydland, Ørjan & Størdal, Ståle & Kumbhakar, Subal C. & Lien, Gudbrand, 2022. "Modeling markups and its determinants: The case of Norwegian industries and regions," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 252-262.
  46. Stefano Longo & Mona Chitnis & Miguel Mauricio-Iglesias & Almudena Hospido, 2020. "Transient and Persistent Energy Efficiency in the Wastewater Sector based on Economic Foundations," The Energy Journal, , vol. 41(6), pages 233-254, November.
  47. Mydland, Ørjan & Kumbhakar, Subal C. & Lien, Gudbrand & Amundsveen, Roar & Kvile, Hilde Marit, 2020. "Economies of scope and scale in the Norwegian electricity industry," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 39-46.
  48. Onali, Enrico & Ginesti, Gianluca & Vasilakis, Chrysovalantis, 2017. "How should we estimate value-relevance models? Insights from European data," The British Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 49(5), pages 460-473.
  49. Hoenow, Nils Christian & Kirk, Michael, 2021. "Does competitive scarcity affect the speed of resource extraction? A common-pool resource lab-in-the-field experiment on land use in northern Namibia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
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