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Industrial development, agricultural growth, urbanization and environmental Kuznets curve in Pakistan

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  • Muhammad, Anees
  • Ishfaq, Ahmed

Abstract

The debate of environmental issues and their analysis is of vital interest for economic policies. Institutions are engaged in identifying and estimating the extent of environmental impact of determinants controllable via policy measures. Annual data from the on Carbon Dioxide emission, economic growth, consumption of energy, openness for foreign trade, urbanization, industrial growth and agriculture growth on Pakistan is used for 1971 to 2007. Augmented Vector Autoregression technique and cointegration analysis is implemented to test Granger causality. Gross domestic product significantly Granger causes emission of Carbon Dioxide and energy consumption. On the other hand emissions of CO2 affect economic growth, agriculture and industrial growth in the long run. It is also evident that energy consumption unidirectional Granger causes emission of Carbon Dioxide. Industrialization and urbanization bidirectional Granger causes each other. The results indicate the more careful industrial and energy policies to reduce emissions and control global warming.

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  • Muhammad, Anees & Ishfaq, Ahmed, 2011. "Industrial development, agricultural growth, urbanization and environmental Kuznets curve in Pakistan," MPRA Paper 33469, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:33469
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    Cited by:

    1. Nabila Asghar & Awais Anwar & Hafeez Ur Rehman & Saba Javed, 2020. "Industrial practices and quality of environment: evidence for Asian economies," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(8), pages 7807-7829, December.
    2. Sehar Munir & Azra Khan, 2014. "Impact of Fossil Fuel Energy Consumption on CO2 Emissions: Evidence from Pakistan (1980-2010)," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 53(4), pages 327-346.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Pakistan; Carbon Dioxide emission; Environment; Energy Consumption; Economic Growth; Foreign Trade;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C32 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes; State Space Models
    • A12 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
    • O13 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Agriculture; Natural Resources; Environment; Other Primary Products
    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes

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