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Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An Analysis of Patterns and Trends

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  • Basant, Rakesh

Abstract

After the submission of the Sachar Committee Report, several studies have undertaken data-based analysis of the socioeconomic and educational conditions of Muslims in India. Many researchers, policy makers and, in fact, common Muslims believe that education can be the only mechanism to enhance their socioeconomic status and facilitate entry into better paid jobs. At the same time there are concerns about access to educational facilities and possible discrimination in the formal labour market. The paper reviews the available evidence on the patterns of Muslim participation in education and employment. Comparing the estimates derived from the most recent round of the National Sample Survey for the year 2009-2010 with the earlier years (1999-2000 and 2004-05), an effort is made to assess if these patterns have changed in recent years. A preliminary analysis of the correlates of these patterns suggests that these are quite complex and multi-dimensional. Perceptions about discrimination interact with endowments, opportunities, supply side conditions and attitudes to give rise to different patterns of participation in employment and education. A different set of policy actions may be required to ameliorate these conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Basant, Rakesh, 2012. "Education and Employment among Muslims in India: An Analysis of Patterns and Trends," IIMA Working Papers WP2012-09-03, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:iim:iimawp:11454
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Das, Maitreyi Bordia, 2008. "Minority status and labor market outcomes : does india have minority enclaves ?," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4653, The World Bank.
    2. Basant, Rakesh & Sen, Gitanjali, 2009. "Who Participates in Higher Education in India? Rethinking the Role of Affirmative Action," IIMA Working Papers WP2009-11-01, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department.
    3. Borooah, Vani, 2010. "On the Risks of Belonging to Disadvantaged Groups: A Bayesian Analysis of Labour Market Outcomes," MPRA Paper 19742, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Basant, Rakesh & Sen, Gitanjali, 2012. "Parental Education as a Criterion for Affirmative Action in Higher Education: A Preliminary Analysis," IIMA Working Papers WP2012-01-01, Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Research and Publication Department.
    5. Basant, Rakesh & Shariff, Abusaleh, 2010. "Handbook of Muslims in India: Empirical and Policy Perspectives," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780198062059.
    6. S. Narayan, 2009. "India," Chapters, in: Peter Draper & Philip Alves & Razeen Sally (ed.), The Political Economy of Trade Reform in Emerging Markets, chapter 7, Edward Elgar Publishing.
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    Cited by:

    1. Anirban Mitra & Debraj Ray, 2014. "Implications of an Economic Theory of Conflict: Hindu-Muslim Violence in India," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 122(4), pages 719-765.
    2. Suhail Ahmad Mir & Shaswati Pramanik, 2017. "Socio-religious affiliation and higher education participation of Muslim minorities in India: a probit analysis," Journal of Social and Economic Development, Springer;Institute for Social and Economic Change, vol. 19(2), pages 365-386, October.
    3. Saibal Ghosh, 2020. "Access to and use of finance in India: does religion matter?," Indian Economic Review, Springer, vol. 55(1), pages 67-92, June.
    4. Dsouza, Alwin & Singh, Sudershan & Ranjan, Rahul, 2015. "Existence of Structural Disadvantage among socio-religious groups: Is it a reality? An Analysis of Indian Labour Market," MPRA Paper 63648, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Kabir, Humayun, 2016. "From school to work : Muslim youths' education and employment strategies in a community in Uttar Pradesh, India," IDE Discussion Papers 572, Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization(JETRO).
    6. Vani Kant Borooah, 2024. "Differences in the Graduate Educational Attainment of Social Groups in India: Preferences for Education Versus Education-Friendly Endowments," Journal of South Asian Development, , vol. 19(2), pages 199-224, August.
    7. repec:osf:socarx:rzjct_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Ali Mehdi & Divya Chaudhry, 2016. "Human capital potential of India’s future workforce," Working Papers id:11079, eSocialSciences.
    9. Jannet Farida Jacob, 2018. "Higher Education in India from 1983 to 2014: Participation, Access and Labour Market Outcomes across Socio-religious Groups," Indian Journal of Human Development, , vol. 12(1), pages 74-92, April.
    10. Nawazuddin Ahmed & Dinesh K. Nauriyal, 2023. "Occupational and Educational Mobility Among Indian Muslims: Primary Survey-Based Evidence," Millennial Asia, , vol. 14(2), pages 228-259, June.
    11. Anjan Ray Chaudhury & Madhabendra Sinha, 2022. "Capturing Regional Disparity in Educational Transition in India: A Sequential Logit Based Transitional Probability Analysis," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 164(2), pages 893-928, November.
    12. Kalra, Aarushi, 2021. "A 'Ghetto' of One's Own: Communal Violence, Residential Segregation and Group Education Outcomes in India," SocArXiv rzjct, Center for Open Science.
    13. Anjan Ray Chaudhury, 2017. "Interpreting the Disparity in Educational Attainment among Various Socio-religious Groups in India," IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, , vol. 6(1), pages 73-89, January.
    14. Ali Mehdi & Divya Chaudhry, 2015. "Human Capital Potential of India's Future Workforce," Working Papers id:7846, eSocialSciences.
    15. A. Amarender Reddy & Surabhi Mittal & Namrata Singha Roy & Sanghamitra Kanjilal-Bhaduri, 2021. "Time Allocation between Paid and Unpaid Work among Men and Women: An Empirical Study of Indian Villages," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-17, March.

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